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Inflation, superheavy metastable strings and gravitational waves in non-supersymmetric flipped SU(5)

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arxiv 2308.07094 v3 pith:YGNXR4KD submitted 2023-08-14 hep-ph astro-ph.CO

George Lazarides , Rinku Maji , Ahmad Moursy , Qaisar Shafi This is my paper · ORCID
classification hep-phastro-ph.CO
keywords timesinflationgravitationalstringsbreakingdataflippedligo-virgo
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abstract

Motivated by the NANOGrav 15 year data and other recent investigations of stochastic gravitational background radiation based on pulsar timing arrays, we show how superheavy strings survive inflation but the slightly heavier monopoles do not in a non-supersymmetric hybrid inflation model based on flipped $SU(5)$. With the dimensionless string tension parameter $G \mu\sim 10^{-6}$, the gravitational wave spectrum emitted by the strings, which are metastable due to breaking caused by monopole-antimonopole quantum mechanical tunneling, is compatible with the latest NANOGrav measurement as well as the advanced LIGO-VIRGO third run data. The string network undergoes about 30 $e$-foldings of inflation which suppresses the spectrum in the LIGO-VIRGO frequency range. With the symmetry breaking chain $SU(5) \times U(1)_X \to SU(3)_c \times SU(2)_L\times U(1)_Z \times U(1)_X \to SU(3)_c \times SU(2)_L \times U(1)_ Y$, the estimated proton lifetime is of order $10^{36}-10^{37}$ yrs.

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Forward citations

Cited by 5 Pith papers

Reviewed papers in the Pith corpus that reference this work. Sorted by Pith novelty score. Full citation record

  1. Metastable cosmic strings are broken at the start

    hep-ph 2026-01 conditional novelty 7.0 of 10

    Metastable cosmic-string networks are typically broken within a Hubble time of formation by finite-temperature effects or by pre-existing monopoles, so matching NANOGrav requires m_M^2/μ ≳ 10^3.

  2. LISA Reconstruction Landscape for Metastable Cosmic Strings

    hep-ph 2026-07 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    LISA can reconstruct metastable cosmic-string tension and lifetime when it samples the tail-to-plateau transition, with residual κ_CS sensitivity possible even in high-SNR plateau-like spectra.

  3. Monopoles, Strings, Walls and Gravitational waves

    hep-ph 2026-07 conditional novelty 4.0 of 10

    Breaking SU(2) flavor gauge symmetry stepwise to nothing leaves monopoles, strings, and walls; collapsing walls can form composite strings whose gravitational-wave spectra fit PTA data and lie within reach of LVK and ...

  4. Waterfall phase in supersymmetric hybrid inflation

    hep-ph 2025-07 conditional novelty 4.0 of 10

    Waterfall-phase e-foldings in R-symmetric SUSY hybrid inflation can produce a PTA-compatible scalar-induced gravitational wave background and, in SU(5), dilute monopoles to observable levels.

  5. C-parity, magnetic monopoles and higher frequency gravitational waves

    hep-ph 2025-02 conditional novelty 4.0 of 10

    The C-string-wall network from SO(10) breaking with unbroken C-parity produces a gravitational wave background peaking between 100 Hz and 100 kHz for intermediate breaking scales around 10^10 to 10^12 GeV.

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