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The first radius-expansion X-ray burst from GX 3+1
Astrophysics · Submitted 13 Mar 2000
abstract compiled · 2026-09-23 · no language-model review
The authors' main claim This is the first burst from GX 3+1 which clearly shows evidence for radius expansion of the neutron-star photosphere during the thermo-nuclear runaway.
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The abstract, sentence by sentence
During several observations in 1999 August with RXTE of the low-mass X-ray binary GX 3+1, we found a single short and strong X-ray burst. This is the first burst from GX 3+1 which clearly shows evidence for radius expansion of the neutron-star photosphere during the thermo-nuclear runaway. We show that the cooling phase of the neutron star photosphere starts already just before the end of the contraction phase. Considering the fact that the radius expansion is due to the burst luminosity being at the Eddington luminosity, assuming standard burst parameters and accounting for gravitational redshift effects we derive a distance to the source of ~4.5 kpc, although relaxing these assumptions may lead to uncertainties up to ~30%. By comparing the persistent flux with that observed at the peak of the burst we infer that near the time of the X-ray burst the persistent luminosity of GX 3+1 is ~0.17*L_edd, confirming predictions from theoretical modeling of X-ray spectra of bright sources like GX 3+1.
background contribution method result interpretation main claim
| # | sentence | role | the authors' own work | states the main conclusion | strength |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| s0 | During several observations in 1999 August with RXTE of the low-mass X-ray binary GX 3+1, we found a single short and strong X-ray burst. | result 0.62 | 0.98 | 0.05 | asserted 1.00 |
| s1 | This is the first burst from GX 3+1 which clearly shows evidence for radius expansion of the neutron-star photosphere during the thermo-nuclear runaway. | result 0.79 | 0.90 | 0.79 | asserted 1.00 |
| s2 | We show that the cooling phase of the neutron star photosphere starts already just before the end of the contraction phase. | result 0.99 | 0.92 | 0.11 | asserted 1.00 |
| s3 | Considering the fact that the radius expansion is due to the burst luminosity being at the Eddington luminosity, assuming standard burst parameters and accounting for gravitational redshift effects we derive a distance to the source of ~4.5 kpc, although relaxing these assumptions may lead to uncertainties up to ~30%. | result 0.99 | 0.95 | 0.21 | asserted 0.69 |
| s4 | By comparing the persistent flux with that observed at the peak of the burst we infer that near the time of the X-ray burst the persistent luminosity of GX 3+1 is ~0.17*L_edd, confirming predictions from theoretical modeling of X-ray spectra of bright sources like GX 3+1. | result 0.90 | 0.93 | 0.12 | asserted 0.89 |
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Original abstract
During several observations in 1999 August with RXTE of the low-mass X-ray binary GX 3+1, we found a single short and strong X-ray burst. This is the first burst from GX 3+1 which clearly shows evidence for radius expansion of the neutron-star photosphere during the thermo-nuclear runaway. We show that the cooling phase of the neutron star photosphere starts already just before the end of the contraction phase. Considering the fact that the radius expansion is due to the burst luminosity being at the Eddington luminosity, assuming standard burst parameters and accounting for gravitational redshift effects we derive a distance to the source of ~4.5 kpc, although relaxing these assumptions may lead to uncertainties up to ~30%. By comparing the persistent flux with that observed at the peak of the burst we infer that near the time of the X-ray burst the persistent luminosity of GX 3+1 is ~0.17*L_edd, confirming predictions from theoretical modeling of X-ray spectra of bright sources like GX 3+1.
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