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Supermassive black holes from primordial black hole seeds

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arxiv astro-ph/0406260 v2 pith:WIZF5AL3 submitted 2004-06-10 astro-ph gr-qc

classification astro-phgr-qc
keywords blackprimordialfluctuationsholespbhsdensitymassobservational
verification ladder T0 review T1 audit T2 compute T3 formal
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The observational evidence for a population of quasars powered by supermassive black holes of mass \geq 10^9 M_sun at redshifts z\geq 6 poses a great challenge for any model describing the formation of galaxies. Assuming uninterrupted accretion at the Eddington limit, seed black holes of at least 1000 M_sun are needed at z \approx 15. Here I study whether these seeds could be primordial black holes (PBHs) which have been produced in the very early universe by the collapse of primordial density fluctuations. In particular, I study the expected number densities of PBHs in the relevant mass range for several classes of spectra of primordial density fluctuations and confront the results with observational data. While it seems to be possible to produce the required PBHs with spectra showing large enhancements of fluctuations on a certain scale, our hypothesis can be clearly disproved for a scale free spectrum of primordial fluctuations described by a power-law slope consistent with recent observations.

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Cited by 6 Pith papers

Reviewed papers in the Pith corpus that reference this work. Sorted by Pith novelty score. OpenAlex reports about 82 citations worldwide. Full citation record

  1. How deep is the dip and how tall are the wiggles in inflationary power spectra?

    astro-ph.CO 2025-01 conditional novelty 7.0 of 10

    In single-field PBH inflation models, a power-spectrum dip appears precisely when the inflaton velocity does not flip sign, and the peak amplitude scales as the inverse square of the dip amplitude.

  2. The gravitational-wave fingerprint of dynamically assembled primordial black hole cluster seeds in JWST's Little Red Dots

    gr-qc 2026-07 conditional novelty 6.5 of 10

    Strongly clustered PBHs with a QCD-broad mass function form IMBH nuclei plus light-PBH swarms that assemble LRD-scale seeds in 10-50 Myr and radiate a truncated f^{2/3} GW background topped by a ringdown comb.

  3. Memoirs of the curvaton: non-perturbative non-Gaussianity and supermassive primordial black holes

    astro-ph.CO 2026-06 unverdicted novelty 6.0 of 10

    Curvaton self-interactions in non-quadratic potentials produce a local non-Gaussian map that enables supermassive primordial black hole formation at peak amplitudes of order 10^{-5} while remaining consistent with μ-d...

  4. Smoluchowski Coagulation Equation and the Evolution of Primordial Black Hole Clusters

    astro-ph.CO 2026-04 unverdicted novelty 6.0 of 10

    Monte Carlo solutions to the Smoluchowski coagulation equation yield runaway timescales and mass evolution for primordial black hole clusters at different redshifts based on cluster properties.

  5. Numerical simulations of primordial black hole formation via delayed first-order phase transitions

    gr-qc 2026-01 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    Spherically symmetric numerical relativity shows false-vacuum domains from delayed first-order phase transitions form type B (baby-universe) or type A (direct-collapse) primordial black holes, separated by a robust t_...

  6. Exploring Gravitational Wave Signatures Due to Primordial Non-gaussianity and Large Scale Structure Using SKAO

    astro-ph.CO 2026-06 unverdicted novelty 4.0 of 10

    Explores SKAO detection of scalar-induced GW backgrounds as probes of primordial non-Gaussianity and parity violation, with LSS cross-correlation to improve SNR.

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