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New measurement on photon yields from air and the application to the energy estimation of primary cosmic rays
Astrophysics · Submitted 22 Jun 2004
abstract compiled · 2026-09-23 · no language-model review
The authors' main claim The total photon yield between 300 nm and 406 nm (used in most experiments) in air excited by a 0.85 MeV electron is 3.81+-0.13 (+-13 % systematics) photons per meter at 1013 hPa and 20 $^{\circ}$C.
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The abstract, sentence by sentence
The air fluorescence technique is used to detect ultra-high energy cosmic rays (UHECR), and to estimate their energy. Of fundamental importance is the photon yield due to excitation by electrons, in air of various densities and temperatures. After our previous report, the experiment has been continued using a Sr90 $\beta$ source to study the pressure dependence of photon yields for radiation in nitrogen and dry air. The photon yields in 15 wave bands between 300 nm and 430 nm have been determined. The total photon yield between 300 nm and 406 nm (used in most experiments) in air excited by a 0.85 MeV electron is 3.81+-0.13 (+-13 % systematics) photons per meter at 1013 hPa and 20 $^{\circ}$C. The air density and temperature dependencies of 15 wave bands are given for application to UHECR observations.
background contribution method result interpretation main claim
| # | sentence | role | the authors' own work | states the main conclusion | strength |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| s0 | The air fluorescence technique is used to detect ultra-high energy cosmic rays (UHECR), and to estimate their energy. | background 1.00 | 0.11 | 0.05 | asserted 1.00 |
| s1 | Of fundamental importance is the photon yield due to excitation by electrons, in air of various densities and temperatures. | background 0.98 | 0.06 | 0.04 | asserted 1.00 |
| s2 | After our previous report, the experiment has been continued using a Sr90 $\beta$ source to study the pressure dependence of photon yields for radiation in nitrogen and dry air. | method 0.73 | 0.93 | 0.03 | asserted 0.98 |
| s3 | The photon yields in 15 wave bands between 300 nm and 430 nm have been determined. | result 0.55 | 0.94 | 0.09 | asserted 1.00 |
| s4 | The total photon yield between 300 nm and 406 nm (used in most experiments) in air excited by a 0.85 MeV electron is 3.81+-0.13 (+-13 % systematics) photons per meter at 1013 hPa and 20 $^{\circ}$C. | result 1.00 | 0.94 | 0.63 | asserted 1.00 |
| s5 | The air density and temperature dependencies of 15 wave bands are given for application to UHECR observations. | result 0.69 | 0.89 | 0.18 | asserted 0.98 |
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The paper
Original abstract
The air fluorescence technique is used to detect ultra-high energy cosmic rays (UHECR), and to estimate their energy. Of fundamental importance is the photon yield due to excitation by electrons, in air of various densities and temperatures. After our previous report, the experiment has been continued using a Sr90 $\beta$ source to study the pressure dependence of photon yields for radiation in nitrogen and dry air. The photon yields in 15 wave bands between 300 nm and 430 nm have been determined. The total photon yield between 300 nm and 406 nm (used in most experiments) in air excited by a 0.85 MeV electron is 3.81+-0.13 (+-13 % systematics) photons per meter at 1013 hPa and 20 $^{\circ}$C. The air density and temperature dependencies of 15 wave bands are given for application to UHECR observations.
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References
How the literature uses it
5 arXiv papers cite this in 7 sentences
Papers citing it
Uses its method or tool 1 paper
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As a final step, a parameterization of the energy distribution of the secondary particles is used to calculate the fluorescence [ref] and Cherenkov yields.
Developments and results in the context of the JEM-EUSO program obtained with the ESAF Simulation and Analysis Framework · The EAS reconstruction framework · 0.80
Uses its data or values 4 papers
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The Auger collaboration uses a fluorescence yield in air at 293 K and 1013 h Pa from the 337 nm band of 5.05$±$0.71 photons/MeV of energy deposited taken from the measurements of Nagano and collaborators ( [ref] ).
Ultrahigh Energy Cosmic Rays · Fluorescence detector · 1.00
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In the present work, the fluorescence yield is taken from [ref] .
Performance and science reach of POEMMA for ultrahigh-energy particles · Modeling POEMMA using ESAF · 1.00
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Estimates assume the fluorescence yield reported in [ref] .
Summary Report of JEM-EUSO Workshop at KICP in Chicago · JEM-EUSO Mission · 1.00
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