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The XMM Cluster Survey: A Massive Galaxy Cluster at z=1.45

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Paper breakdownThe authors' claims, conditions and measurements, as JSON Signed receiptProof this review has not been altered
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S. A. Stanford, A. K. Romer, K. Sabirli, M. Davidson, M. Hilton, P. T. P. Viana, C. A. Collins, S. T. Kay
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A. R. Liddle, R. G. Mann, C. J. Miller, R. C. Nichol, M. J. West, C. J. Conselice, H. Spinrad, D. Stern, K. Bundy

Astrophysics · Submitted 4 Jun 2006

abstract compiled · 2026-09-23 · no language-model review

The authors' main claim We report the discovery of XMMXCS J2215.9-1738, a massive galaxy cluster at z =1.45, which was found in the XMM Cluster Survey.

how it is stated · asserted 1.00 read the record →

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arXiv IDastro-ph/0606075 (version 2)
Pith IDVXATXMNH, Pith's permanent record of this paper and its review
CitationA. K. Romer, A. R. Liddle, C. A. Collins, C. J. Conselice, C. J. Miller, D. Stern, H. Spinrad, K. Bundy, K. Sabirli, M. Davidson, M. Hilton, M. J. West, P. T. P. Viana, R. C. Nichol, R. G. Mann, S. A. Stanford, S. T. Kay. "The XMM Cluster Survey: A Massive Galaxy Cluster at z=1.45." arXiv:astro-ph/0606075 (2006). https://pith.science/paper/VXATXMNH
Claim paper

The compiled record

The paper's own sentences, arranged. Each label is drawn from a closed vocabulary; the number beside it is the probability the classifier gave that label. Numbers in the tables are the authors', checked by code. No sentence in this record was written by a model.

Open the compiled record

Compiled by classifier-1.13-20260917 via OpenRouter, question bank abstract-p1-20260923, 2026-09-23: 1 request, 5,801 input tokens, $0.0002 reported.

What the abstract itself states, as probabilities: claims first 0.23 · states limitation 0.58 · human participants 0.01 · controlled comparison 0.03 · randomized assignment 0.01 · states quantitative result 0.99 · compares with prior results 0.84 · mentions code or data availability 0.02.

The abstract, sentence by sentence

arXiv listing abstract v2. Results and the main claim are underlined; .

We report the discovery of XMMXCS J2215.9-1738, a massive galaxy cluster at z =1.45, which was found in the XMM Cluster Survey. The cluster candidate was initially identified as an extended X-ray source in archival XMM data. Optical spectroscopy shows that 6 galaxies within a 60 arcsec diameter region lie at z = 1.45 +/- 0.01. Model fits to the X-ray spectra of the extended emission yield kT = 7.4 (+2.7,-1.8) keV (90 % confidence); if there is an undetected central X-ray point source then kT = 6.5 (+2.6,-1.8) keV. The bolometric X-ray luminosity is Lx = 4.4 (+0.8,-0.6) x 10^44 ergs/s over a 2 Mpc radial region. The measured Tx, which is the highest known for a cluster at z > 1, suggests that this cluster is relatively massive for such a high redshift. The redshift of XMMXCS J2215.9-1738 is the highest currently known for a spectroscopically-confirmed cluster of galaxies.

background contribution method result interpretation main claim

What the classifier reports for each sentence. The number is the probability it gave the label.
#sentencerolethe authors' own workstates the main conclusionstrength
s0 We report the discovery of XMMXCS J2215.9-1738, a massive galaxy cluster at z =1.45, which was found in the XMM Cluster Survey. contribution 0.78 0.96 0.81 asserted 1.00
s1 The cluster candidate was initially identified as an extended X-ray source in archival XMM data. method 0.90 0.41 0.03 asserted 1.00
s2 Optical spectroscopy shows that 6 galaxies within a 60 arcsec diameter region lie at z = 1.45 +/- 0.01. result 0.92 0.91 0.05 asserted 1.00
s3 Model fits to the X-ray spectra of the extended emission yield kT = 7.4 (+2.7,-1.8) keV (90 % confidence); if there is an undetected central X-ray point source then kT = 6.5 (+2.6,-1.8) keV. result 1.00 0.94 0.04 asserted 0.97
s4 The bolometric X-ray luminosity is Lx = 4.4 (+0.8,-0.6) x 10^44 ergs/s over a 2 Mpc radial region. result 1.00 0.94 0.07 asserted 1.00
s5 The measured Tx, which is the highest known for a cluster at z > 1, suggests that this cluster is relatively massive for such a high redshift. interpretation 1.00 0.88 0.39 hedged possibility 0.99
s6 The redshift of XMMXCS J2215.9-1738 is the highest currently known for a spectroscopically-confirmed cluster of galaxies. result 0.89 0.62 0.32 asserted 1.00

What kind of paper the classifier reports this is: empirical study 1.00 · evidence from observation or experiment 0.74.

What was examined, and what was not

sources read
  • arXiv listing abstract v2
not examined
  • full text
  • figures and tables
  • references and citing sentences
  • relations to other papers
levels run
  • P abstract
not run
  • S sections
  • T body sentences
  • C citations
  • R cross-paper relations

Every quoted sentence on this record is the authors'. Every label is from Pith's closed vocabulary, with the probability shown beside it. Every number in the measurements table is the authors', checked by code. Record as JSON

The paper
Original abstract

We report the discovery of XMMXCS J2215.9-1738, a massive galaxy cluster at z =1.45, which was found in the XMM Cluster Survey. The cluster candidate was initially identified as an extended X-ray source in archival XMM data. Optical spectroscopy shows that 6 galaxies within a 60 arcsec diameter region lie at z = 1.45 +/- 0.01. Model fits to the X-ray spectra of the extended emission yield kT = 7.4 (+2.7,-1.8) keV (90 % confidence); if there is an undetected central X-ray point source then kT = 6.5 (+2.6,-1.8) keV. The bolometric X-ray luminosity is Lx = 4.4 (+0.8,-0.6) x 10^44 ergs/s over a 2 Mpc radial region. The measured Tx, which is the highest known for a cluster at z > 1, suggests that this cluster is relatively massive for such a high redshift. The redshift of XMMXCS J2215.9-1738 is the highest currently known for a spectroscopically-confirmed cluster of galaxies.

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