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Distortion of gamma-ray burst light curves by gravitational microlensing

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Paper breakdownThe authors' claims, conditions and measurements, as JSON Signed receiptProof this review has not been altered
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L. L. R. Williams, R. A. M. J. Wijers (Institute of Astronomy, Cambridge, UK)

Astrophysics · Submitted 30 Jan 1997

abstract compiled · 2026-09-23 · no language-model review

The authors' main claim Therefore, in deciding whether two bursts are similar enough to qualify as multiple images, one must look at time scales longer than a few tens of milliseconds, since shorter time scales are possibly rendered dissimilar by microlensing.

how it is stated · hedged possibility 0.62 read the record →

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arXiv IDastro-ph/9701246 (version 2)
Pith ID5A4WECIH, Pith's permanent record of this paper and its review
CitationCambridge, L. L. R. Williams, R. A. M. J. Wijers (Institute of Astronomy, UK). "Distortion of gamma-ray burst light curves by gravitational microlensing." arXiv:astro-ph/9701246 (1997). https://pith.science/paper/5A4WECIH
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The compiled record

The paper's own sentences, arranged. Each label is drawn from a closed vocabulary; the number beside it is the probability the classifier gave that label. Numbers in the tables are the authors', checked by code. No sentence in this record was written by a model.

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Compiled by classifier-1.13-20260917 via OpenRouter, question bank abstract-p1-20260923, 2026-09-23: 1 request, 3,051 input tokens, $0.0001 reported.

What the abstract itself states, as probabilities: claims first 0.04 · states limitation 0.42 · human participants 0.01 · controlled comparison 0.03 · randomized assignment 0.01 · states quantitative result 0.71 · compares with prior results 0.06 · mentions code or data availability 0.02.

The abstract, sentence by sentence

arXiv listing abstract v2. Results and the main claim are underlined; .

If at cosmological distances, a small fraction of gamma-ray bursts should be multiply imaged by intervening galaxies or clusters, resulting in the appearance of two very similar bursts from the same location with a relative time delay of hours to a year. We show that microlensing by individual stars in the lensing galaxy can smear out the light curves of the multiply imaged bursts on millisecond time scales. Therefore, in deciding whether two bursts are similar enough to qualify as multiple images, one must look at time scales longer than a few tens of milliseconds, since shorter time scales are possibly rendered dissimilar by microlensing.

background contribution method result interpretation main claim

What the classifier reports for each sentence. The number is the probability it gave the label.
#sentencerolethe authors' own workstates the main conclusionstrength
s0 If at cosmological distances, a small fraction of gamma-ray bursts should be multiply imaged by intervening galaxies or clusters, resulting in the appearance of two very similar bursts from the same location with a relative time delay of hours to a year. background 1.00 0.07 0.07 hedged possibility 0.78
s1 We show that microlensing by individual stars in the lensing galaxy can smear out the light curves of the multiply imaged bursts on millisecond time scales. result 0.85 0.84 0.52 asserted 1.00
s2 Therefore, in deciding whether two bursts are similar enough to qualify as multiple images, one must look at time scales longer than a few tens of milliseconds, since shorter time scales are possibly rendered dissimilar by microlensing. interpretation 0.98 0.40 0.68 hedged possibility 0.62

What kind of paper the classifier reports this is: theoretical result 0.93 · evidence from argument 0.56.

What was examined, and what was not

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  • arXiv listing abstract v2
not examined
  • full text
  • figures and tables
  • references and citing sentences
  • relations to other papers
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  • P abstract
not run
  • S sections
  • T body sentences
  • C citations
  • R cross-paper relations

Every quoted sentence on this record is the authors'. Every label is from Pith's closed vocabulary, with the probability shown beside it. Every number in the measurements table is the authors', checked by code. Record as JSON

The paper
Original abstract

If at cosmological distances, a small fraction of gamma-ray bursts should be multiply imaged by intervening galaxies or clusters, resulting in the appearance of two very similar bursts from the same location with a relative time delay of hours to a year. We show that microlensing by individual stars in the lensing galaxy can smear out the light curves of the multiply imaged bursts on millisecond time scales. Therefore, in deciding whether two bursts are similar enough to qualify as multiple images, one must look at time scales longer than a few tens of milliseconds, since shorter time scales are possibly rendered dissimilar by microlensing.

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3 arXiv papers cite this in 3 sentences

Each citing sentence is taken from the citing paper's LaTeX source and typed by Pith's classifier. A label appears at probability 0.8 or more (0.95 for support), a contest at 0.7 or more; the quoted words are the citing authors'. How each label was checked · JSON

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