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Precise Measurements of the Kilohertz Quasi-Periodic Oscillations in 4U 1728-34

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Mariano Mendez, Michiel van der Klis (Univ. of Amsterdam)

Astrophysics · Submitted 19 Mar 1999

abstract compiled · 2026-09-23 · no language-model review

The authors' main claim We show that the frequency separation between the two QPO, $\Delta \nu$, is always significantly smaller than the frequency of the nearly-coherent oscillations seen in this source during X-ray bursts, even at the lowest inferred mass accretion rate, when $\Delta \nu$ seems to reach its maximum value.

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arXiv IDastro-ph/9903303 (version 1)
Pith ID5OQVRPXO, Pith's permanent record of this paper and its review
CitationMariano Mendez, Michiel van der Klis (Univ. of Amsterdam). "Precise Measurements of the Kilohertz Quasi-Periodic Oscillations in 4U 1728-34." arXiv:astro-ph/9903303 (1999). https://pith.science/paper/5OQVRPXO
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Compiled by classifier-1.13-20260917 via OpenRouter, question bank abstract-p1-20260923, 2026-09-23: 1 request, 4,563 input tokens, $0.0002 reported.

What the abstract itself states, as probabilities: claims first 0.95 · states limitation 0.20 · human participants 0.01 · controlled comparison 0.06 · randomized assignment 0.01 · states quantitative result 0.99 · compares with prior results 0.36 · mentions code or data availability 0.02.

The abstract, sentence by sentence

arXiv listing abstract v1. Results and the main claim are underlined; .

We have analyzed seventeen observations of the low-mass X-ray binary and atoll source 4U 1728-34, carried out by the Rossi X-ray Timing Explorer in 1996 and 1997. We obtain precise measurements of the frequencies of the two simultaneous kilohertz quasi-periodic oscillations (kHz QPOs) in this source. We show that the frequency separation between the two QPO, $\Delta \nu$, is always significantly smaller than the frequency of the nearly-coherent oscillations seen in this source during X-ray bursts, even at the lowest inferred mass accretion rate, when $\Delta \nu$ seems to reach its maximum value. We also find that $\Delta \nu$ decreases significantly, from $349.3 \pm 1.7$ Hz to $278.7 \pm 11.6$ Hz, as the frequency of the lower frequency kHz QPO increases from 615 to 895 Hz. This is the first time that variations of the kHz QPO peak separation are measured in a source which shows nearly-coherent oscillations during bursts.

background contribution method result interpretation main claim

What the classifier reports for each sentence. The number is the probability it gave the label.
#sentencerolethe authors' own workstates the main conclusionstrength
s0 We have analyzed seventeen observations of the low-mass X-ray binary and atoll source 4U 1728-34, carried out by the Rossi X-ray Timing Explorer in 1996 and 1997. method 0.89 0.89 0.02 asserted 0.99
s1 We obtain precise measurements of the frequencies of the two simultaneous kilohertz quasi-periodic oscillations (kHz QPOs) in this source. contribution 0.51 0.97 0.18 asserted 1.00
s2 We show that the frequency separation between the two QPO, $\Delta \nu$, is always significantly smaller than the frequency of the nearly-coherent oscillations seen in this source during X-ray bursts, even at the lowest inferred mass accretion rate, when $\Delta \nu$ seems to reach its maximum value. result 1.00 0.90 0.41 asserted 1.00
s3 We also find that $\Delta \nu$ decreases significantly, from $349.3 \pm 1.7$ Hz to $278.7 \pm 11.6$ Hz, as the frequency of the lower frequency kHz QPO increases from 615 to 895 Hz. result 1.00 0.97 0.33 asserted 1.00
s4 This is the first time that variations of the kHz QPO peak separation are measured in a source which shows nearly-coherent oscillations during bursts. contribution 0.76 0.88 0.13 asserted 1.00

What kind of paper the classifier reports this is: empirical study 1.00 · evidence from analysis of existing data 0.86.

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Every quoted sentence on this record is the authors'. Every label is from Pith's closed vocabulary, with the probability shown beside it. Every number in the measurements table is the authors', checked by code. Record as JSON

The paper
Original abstract

We have analyzed seventeen observations of the low-mass X-ray binary and atoll source 4U 1728-34, carried out by the Rossi X-ray Timing Explorer in 1996 and 1997. We obtain precise measurements of the frequencies of the two simultaneous kilohertz quasi-periodic oscillations (kHz QPOs) in this source. We show that the frequency separation between the two QPO, $\Delta \nu$, is always significantly smaller than the frequency of the nearly-coherent oscillations seen in this source during X-ray bursts, even at the lowest inferred mass accretion rate, when $\Delta \nu$ seems to reach its maximum value. We also find that $\Delta \nu$ decreases significantly, from $349.3 \pm 1.7$ Hz to $278.7 \pm 11.6$ Hz, as the frequency of the lower frequency kHz QPO increases from 615 to 895 Hz. This is the first time that variations of the kHz QPO peak separation are measured in a source which shows nearly-coherent oscillations during bursts.

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