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The Distance of the Virgo Cluster

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G.A. Tammann (Astr. Inst., Univ. Basel), A. Sandage (Obs. Carnegie Inst. Washington), B. Reindl (Astr. Inst.

Astrophysics · Submitted 26 Apr 1999

abstract compiled · 2026-09-23 · no language-model review

The authors' main claim They yield H_0 = 56 +/- 4 (random error) +/- 6 (systematic error), independent of local streaming motions.

how it is stated · asserted 1.00 read the record →

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arXiv IDastro-ph/9904360 (version 1)
CitationA. Sandage (Obs. Carnegie Inst. Washington), B. Reindl (Astr. Inst., G.A. Tammann (Astr. Inst., Univ. Basel). "The Distance of the Virgo Cluster." arXiv:astro-ph/9904360 (1999). https://pith.science/paper/astro-ph/9904360
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The compiled record

The paper's own sentences, arranged. Each label is drawn from a closed vocabulary; the number beside it is the probability the classifier gave that label. Numbers in the tables are the authors', checked by code. No sentence in this record was written by a model.

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Compiled by classifier-1.13-20260917 via OpenRouter, question bank abstract-p1-20260923, 2026-09-23: 1 request, 3,004 input tokens, $0.0001 reported.

What the abstract itself states, as probabilities: claims first 0.02 · states limitation 0.63 · human participants 0.01 · controlled comparison 0.04 · randomized assignment 0.01 · states quantitative result 0.99 · compares with prior results 0.39 · mentions code or data availability 0.02.

The abstract, sentence by sentence

arXiv listing abstract v1. Results and the main claim are underlined; .

Six different distance determination methods of Virgo cluster members yield a mean distance modulus of (m-M)^0(Virgo) = 31.60 +/- 0.09 (20.9 +/- 0.9 Mpc). This value can be carried out to > 10,000 km/s by means of 31 clusters whose distances are well known relative to the Virgo cluster. They yield H_0 = 56 +/- 4 (random error) +/- 6 (systematic error), independent of local streaming motions.

background contribution method result interpretation main claim

What the classifier reports for each sentence. The number is the probability it gave the label.
#sentencerolethe authors' own workstates the main conclusionstrength
s0 Six different distance determination methods of Virgo cluster members yield a mean distance modulus of (m-M)^0(Virgo) = 31.60 +/- 0.09 (20.9 +/- 0.9 Mpc). result 1.00 0.78 0.76 asserted 1.00
s1 This value can be carried out to > 10,000 km/s by means of 31 clusters whose distances are well known relative to the Virgo cluster. method 0.72 0.71 0.08 asserted 0.79
s2 They yield H_0 = 56 +/- 4 (random error) +/- 6 (systematic error), independent of local streaming motions. result 1.00 0.84 0.41 asserted 1.00

What kind of paper the classifier reports this is: empirical study 1.00 · evidence from analysis of existing data 0.84.

What was examined, and what was not

sources read
  • arXiv listing abstract v1
not examined
  • full text
  • figures and tables
  • references and citing sentences
  • relations to other papers
levels run
  • P abstract
not run
  • S sections
  • T body sentences
  • C citations
  • R cross-paper relations

Every quoted sentence on this record is the authors'. Every label is from Pith's closed vocabulary, with the probability shown beside it. Every number in the measurements table is the authors', checked by code. Record as JSON

The paper
Original abstract

Six different distance determination methods of Virgo cluster members yield a mean distance modulus of (m-M)^0(Virgo) = 31.60 +/- 0.09 (20.9 +/- 0.9 Mpc). This value can be carried out to > 10,000 km/s by means of 31 clusters whose distances are well known relative to the Virgo cluster. They yield H_0 = 56 +/- 4 (random error) +/- 6 (systematic error), independent of local streaming motions.

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1 arXiv paper cite this in 1 sentence

Each citing sentence is taken from the citing paper's LaTeX source and typed by Pith's classifier. A label appears at probability 0.8 or more (0.95 for support), a contest at 0.7 or more; the quoted words are the citing authors'. How each label was checked · JSON

Papers citing it

Uses its data or values 1 paper
  • It is known from observations that the Local Group is moving toward the Virgo Cluster with velocity around $v_LG,V≃250$ km/s [ref] , on the Hubble expansion background with $v_H≃1000$ km/s [ref] .

    Two body problem in presence of cosmological constant · Application to the LG and Virgo cluster · 1.00

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