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The Timing Evolution of 4U 1630-47 During its 1998 Outburst

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S. W. Dieters, T. Belloni, E. Kuulkers, P. Woods, W. Cui, S. N. Zhang, M. van der Klis, J. van Paradijs
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J. Swank, W.H.G. Lewin, C. Kouveliotou

Astrophysics · Submitted 1 Dec 1999

abstract compiled · 2026-09-23 · no language-model review

The authors' main claim In marked contrast to previous outbursts, we find quasi-periodic oscillation (QPO) signals during nearly all stages of the outburst with frequencies between 0.06Hz and 14Hz and a remarkable variety of other characteristics.

how it is stated · asserted 1.00 read the record →

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arXiv IDastro-ph/9912028 (version 1)
Pith IDLHVIITZH, Pith's permanent record of this paper and its review
CitationC. Kouveliotou, E. Kuulkers, J. Swank, J. van Paradijs, M. van der Klis, P. Woods, S. N. Zhang, S. W. Dieters, T. Belloni, W. Cui, W.H.G. Lewin. "The Timing Evolution of 4U 1630-47 During its 1998 Outburst." arXiv:astro-ph/9912028 (1999). https://pith.science/paper/LHVIITZH
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Compiled by classifier-1.13-20260917 via OpenRouter, question bank abstract-p1-20260923, 2026-09-23: 1 request, 6,343 input tokens, $0.0003 reported.

What the abstract itself states, as probabilities: claims first 0.05 · states limitation 0.12 · human participants 0.01 · controlled comparison 0.20 · randomized assignment 0.01 · states quantitative result 0.98 · compares with prior results 0.94 · mentions code or data availability 0.02.

The abstract, sentence by sentence

arXiv listing abstract v1. Results and the main claim are underlined; .

We report on the evolution of the timing of 4U1630-47 during its 1998 outburst using data obtained with the Rossi X-ray Timing Explorer (RXTE). The count rate and position in hardness-intensity, color-color diagrams and simple spectral fits are used to track the concurrent spectral changes. The source showed seven distinct types of timing behavior, most of which show differences with the canonical black hole spectral/timing states. In marked contrast to previous outbursts, we find quasi-periodic oscillation (QPO) signals during nearly all stages of the outburst with frequencies between 0.06Hz and 14Hz and a remarkable variety of other characteristics. In particular we find large (up to 23% rms) amplitude QPO on the early rise. Later, slow 0.1Hz semi- regular short (~ 5 sec), 9 to 16% deep dips dominate the light curve. At this time there are two QPOs, one stable near 13.5Hz and the other whose frequency drops from 6--8Hz to ~4.5 Hz during the dips. BeppoSAX observations during the very late declining phase show 4U1630-47 in a low state.

background contribution method result interpretation main claim

What the classifier reports for each sentence. The number is the probability it gave the label.
#sentencerolethe authors' own workstates the main conclusionstrength
s0 We report on the evolution of the timing of 4U1630-47 during its 1998 outburst using data obtained with the Rossi X-ray Timing Explorer (RXTE). contribution 0.99 0.96 0.05 asserted 0.97
s1 The count rate and position in hardness-intensity, color-color diagrams and simple spectral fits are used to track the concurrent spectral changes. method 0.99 0.86 0.02 asserted 0.99
s2 The source showed seven distinct types of timing behavior, most of which show differences with the canonical black hole spectral/timing states. result 0.99 0.88 0.27 asserted 1.00
s3 In marked contrast to previous outbursts, we find quasi-periodic oscillation (QPO) signals during nearly all stages of the outburst with frequencies between 0.06Hz and 14Hz and a remarkable variety of other characteristics. result 1.00 0.96 0.50 asserted 1.00
s4 In particular we find large (up to 23% rms) amplitude QPO on the early rise. result 1.00 0.96 0.07 asserted 1.00
s5 Later, slow 0.1Hz semi- regular short (~ 5 sec), 9 to 16% deep dips dominate the light curve. result 1.00 0.90 0.06 asserted 1.00
s6 At this time there are two QPOs, one stable near 13.5Hz and the other whose frequency drops from 6--8Hz to ~4.5 Hz during the dips. result 1.00 0.91 0.07 asserted 1.00
s7 BeppoSAX observations during the very late declining phase show 4U1630-47 in a low state. result 1.00 0.83 0.05 asserted 1.00

What kind of paper the classifier reports this is: empirical study 1.00 · evidence from observation or experiment 0.53.

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Every quoted sentence on this record is the authors'. Every label is from Pith's closed vocabulary, with the probability shown beside it. Every number in the measurements table is the authors', checked by code. Record as JSON

The paper
Original abstract

We report on the evolution of the timing of 4U1630-47 during its 1998 outburst using data obtained with the Rossi X-ray Timing Explorer (RXTE). The count rate and position in hardness-intensity, color-color diagrams and simple spectral fits are used to track the concurrent spectral changes. The source showed seven distinct types of timing behavior, most of which show differences with the canonical black hole spectral/timing states. In marked contrast to previous outbursts, we find quasi-periodic oscillation (QPO) signals during nearly all stages of the outburst with frequencies between 0.06Hz and 14Hz and a remarkable variety of other characteristics. In particular we find large (up to 23% rms) amplitude QPO on the early rise. Later, slow 0.1Hz semi- regular short (~ 5 sec), 9 to 16% deep dips dominate the light curve. At this time there are two QPOs, one stable near 13.5Hz and the other whose frequency drops from 6--8Hz to ~4.5 Hz during the dips. BeppoSAX observations during the very late declining phase show 4U1630-47 in a low state.

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Each citing sentence is taken from the citing paper's LaTeX source and typed by Pith's classifier. A label appears at probability 0.8 or more (0.95 for support), a contest at 0.7 or more; the quoted words are the citing authors'. How each label was checked · JSON

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