Microscopic origin of collective exponentially small resistance states

The formation of "zero" (exponentially small) resistance states (ESRS) in high mobility two-dimensional electron systems (2DES) in a static magnetic field B and subjected to strong microwave (MW) radiation has attracted great theoretical interest. These states appear to be associated with a new kind of energy gap $\Delta$. Here I show that the energy gap $\Delta$ is explained by a microscopic quantum model that involves the Prime Number Theorem, hitherto reserved for only mathematical contexts.