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The many faces of superradiance
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Inertial motion superradiance, the emission of radiation by an initially unexcited system moving inertially but superluminally through a medium, has long been known. Rotational superradiance, the amplification of radiation by a rotating rigid object, was recognized much later, principally in connection with black hole radiances. Here we review the principles of inertial motion superradiance and prove thermodynamically that the Ginzburg--Frank condition for superradiance coincides with the condition for superradiant amplification of already existing radiation. Examples we cite include a new type of black hole superradiance. We correct Zel'dovich's thermodynamic derivation of the Zel'dovich--Misner condition for rotational superradiance by including the radiant entropy in the bookkeeping . We work out in full detail the electrodynamics of a Zel'dovich rotating cylinder, including a general electrodynamic proof of the Zel'dovich--Misner condition, and explicit calculations of the superradiant gain for both types of polarization. Contrary to Zel'dovich's pessimistic conclusion we conclude that, if the cylinder is surrounded by a dielectric jacket and the whole assembly is placed inside a rotating cavity, the superradiance is measurable in the laboratory.
Forward citations
Cited by 6 Pith papers
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Exact Regions of Superradiant Instability of Kerr-Newman Black Holes and Massive Scalar Fields
Superradiant instability of Kerr-Newman black holes is confined to μ > qQ/M and below an analytically determined boundary that disagrees with older numerics.
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Gravitational Atoms from Topological Stars
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Superradiance -- the 2020 Edition
Black-hole superradiance extracts energy via the ergoregion and can trigger instabilities with applications to dark matter, beyond-Standard-Model physics, and laboratory analogs.
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Thermodynamic Consistency of Logarithmic Entropy Corrections on the Schwarzschild Branch of $f(\mathbb{Q})$ Gravity and a Superradiance No-Go Result
On the STEGR/Schwarzschild branch of f(Q) gravity, a fixed-geometry logarithmic entropy correction modifies only the first-law temperature, not Hawking temperature or scalar scattering, and its heat-capacity pole lies...
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