The Abelian Embedding Formulation of the Stueckelberg Model and its Power-counting Renormalizable Extension

We elucidate the geometry of the polynomial formulation of the non-abelian Stueckelberg mechanism. We show that a natural off-shell nilpotent BRST differential exists allowing to implement the constraint on the sigma field by means of BRST techniques. This is achieved by extending the ghost sector by an additional U(1) factor (abelian embedding). An important consequence is that a further BRST-invariant but not gauge-invariant mass term can be written for the non-abelian gauge fields. As all versions of the Stueckelberg theory, also the abelian embedding formulation yields a non power-counting renormalizable theory in D=4. We then derive its natural power-counting renormalizable extension and show that the physical spectrum contains a physical massive scalar particle. Physical unitarity is also established. This model implements the spontaneous symmetry breaking in the abelian embedding formalism.