Comment on "How the potentials in different gauges yield the same retarded electric and magnetic fields," by J. A. Heras [Am. J. Phys. 75, 176 (2007)]

V. Hnizdo

Comment on "How the potentials in different gauges yield the same retarded electric and magnetic fields," by J. A. Heras [Am. J. Phys. 75, 176 (2007)]

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arxiv physics/0703254 v1 pith:R2IDSWH4 submitted 2007-03-28 physics.class-ph

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Heras purports to show without solving the requisite dynamic equations how the non-causal term generated by the scalar potential of the Coulomb, Kirchhoff, or velocity gauge is canceled by an equal and opposite term in the contribution to the electric field that is generated by the vector potential. Heras's procedure is criticized as being just an algebraic manipulation that has no explanatory content.

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Direct, analytic solution for the electromagnetic vector potential in any gauge
physics.class-ph 2025-07 conditional novelty 3.0 of 10

The vector potential in any gauge is expressed as the retarded potential plus a gradient built from the scalar potential, which reduces to the known gauge transformation from the Lorenz gauge.

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