Pith Number

pith:5QVLLQPJ

pith:2023:5QVLLQPJ756QW6C6QYTOBWANPA

not attested not anchored not stored refs pending

An Introduction to Bi-level Optimization: Foundations and Applications in Signal Processing and Machine Learning

Ioannis Tsaknakis, Mingyi Hong, Prashant Khanduri, Sijia Liu, Yihua Zhang, Yuguang Yao

arxiv:2308.00788 v3 · 2023-08-01 · cs.LG · math.OC

Open paper page JSON Open Graph Bundle Merged state Verified badge What is a Pith Number?

Add to your LaTeX paper

\usepackage{pith}
\pithnumber{5QVLLQPJ756QW6C6QYTOBWANPA}

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Record completeness

1 Bitcoin timestamp

2 Internet Archive

3 Author claim open · sign in to claim

4 Citations open

5 Replications open

✓ Portable graph bundle live · download bundle · merged state

The bundle contains the canonical record plus signed events. A mirror can host it anywhere and recompute the same current state with the deterministic merge algorithm.

Cited by

2 papers in Pith

Bayesian Reasoning for Physics Informed Neural Networks

Bilevel learning

Receipt and verification

First computed	2026-07-05T07:26:39.107583Z
Builder	pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1
Signature	Pith Ed25519 (`pith-v1-2026-05`) · public key
Schema	pith-number/v1.0

Canonical hash

ec2ab5c1e9ff7d0b785e8626e0d80d7837f3678f1212760fc77fc51a1f3a940e

Aliases

arxiv: 2308.00788 · arxiv_version: 2308.00788v3 · doi: 10.48550/arxiv.2308.00788 · pith_short_12: 5QVLLQPJ756Q · pith_short_16: 5QVLLQPJ756QW6C6 · pith_short_8: 5QVLLQPJ

Agent API

Resolver JSON Graph JSON Events JSON Schema Signing key

Verify this Pith Number yourself

curl -sH 'Accept: application/ld+json' https://pith.science/pith/5QVLLQPJ756QW6C6QYTOBWANPA \
  | jq -c '.canonical_record' \
  | python3 -c "import sys,json,hashlib; b=json.dumps(json.loads(sys.stdin.read()), sort_keys=True, separators=(',',':'), ensure_ascii=False).encode(); print(hashlib.sha256(b).hexdigest())"
# expect: ec2ab5c1e9ff7d0b785e8626e0d80d7837f3678f1212760fc77fc51a1f3a940e

Canonical record JSON

{
  "metadata": {
    "abstract_canon_sha256": "199f68ad39ad97cd3208cc62038eb593ee7684d153e921ff198047b6de0ee835",
    "cross_cats_sorted": [
      "math.OC"
    ],
    "license": "http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
    "primary_cat": "cs.LG",
    "submitted_at": "2023-08-01T18:59:07Z",
    "title_canon_sha256": "ee57813c41d14ccb4cd517c0298f5fbce131b10a1ea13740b68bbe43e32ae56f"
  },
  "schema_version": "1.0",
  "source": {
    "id": "2308.00788",
    "kind": "arxiv",
    "version": 3
  }
}