Pith Number

pith:BDEE6AVT

pith:2026:BDEE6AVTJL6UMFMGV5ZKIGEYGJ

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Benchmarking Emergent Coordination in Large-Scale LLM Populations: An Evaluation Framework on the MoltBook Archive

Brandon Yee, Pairie Koh

A new framework applies standardized metrics to 2.73 million interactions to benchmark emergent coordination among 90,704 LLM agents.

arxiv:2603.03555 v3 · 2026-03-03 · cs.MA · cs.AI · cs.SI

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\usepackage{pith}
\pithnumber{BDEE6AVTJL6UMFMGV5ZKIGEYGJ}

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Record completeness

1 Bitcoin timestamp

2 Internet Archive

3 Author claim open · sign in to claim

4 Citations open

5 Replications open

✓ Portable graph bundle live · download bundle · merged state

The bundle contains the canonical record plus signed events. A mirror can host it anywhere and recompute the same current state with the deterministic merge algorithm.

Claims

C1strongest claim

By providing standardized evaluation tasks and empirical baselines, our framework enables the rigorous comparison of future multi-agent protocols and establishes evaluation itself as an object of scientific study.

C2weakest assumption

That the MoltBook Observatory Archive of 2.73M interactions among 90,704 agents is representative of genuine emergent coordination dynamics in real-world large-scale LLM populations and that the chosen metrics (silhouette score, power-law exponent, Cohen's d) adequately capture the relevant coordination phenomena.

C3one line summary

Presents a benchmarking framework for emergent coordination in large LLM agent populations, with baselines from 2.73 million interactions showing strong core-periphery structure, heavy-tailed cascades, and high decentralized overhead.

Cited by

2 papers in Pith

What Do AI Agents Talk About? Discourse and Architectural Constraints in the First AI-Only Social Network

Multi-Agent Systems: From Classical Paradigms to Large Foundation Model-Enabled Futures

Receipt and verification

First computed	2026-06-05T01:15:22.629826Z
Builder	pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1
Signature	Pith Ed25519 (`pith-v1-2026-05`) · public key
Schema	pith-number/v1.0

Canonical hash

08c84f02b34afd461586af72a418983247d538d16d260430db9658c4f96e81ba

Aliases

arxiv: 2603.03555 · arxiv_version: 2603.03555v3 · doi: 10.48550/arxiv.2603.03555 · pith_short_12: BDEE6AVTJL6U · pith_short_16: BDEE6AVTJL6UMFMG · pith_short_8: BDEE6AVT

Agent API

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Verify this Pith Number yourself

curl -sH 'Accept: application/ld+json' https://pith.science/pith/BDEE6AVTJL6UMFMGV5ZKIGEYGJ \
  | jq -c '.canonical_record' \
  | python3 -c "import sys,json,hashlib; b=json.dumps(json.loads(sys.stdin.read()), sort_keys=True, separators=(',',':'), ensure_ascii=False).encode(); print(hashlib.sha256(b).hexdigest())"
# expect: 08c84f02b34afd461586af72a418983247d538d16d260430db9658c4f96e81ba

Canonical record JSON

{
  "metadata": {
    "abstract_canon_sha256": "0294bc9559e7c7d0bb48aa0785a2c5066872cf3345fbce462030f64c7170e188",
    "cross_cats_sorted": [
      "cs.AI",
      "cs.SI"
    ],
    "license": "http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
    "primary_cat": "cs.MA",
    "submitted_at": "2026-03-03T22:15:27Z",
    "title_canon_sha256": "bbd931d2cc6b4fe1230b6e7355037aa233bff7701d2a56a54391c3ecf348575b"
  },
  "schema_version": "1.0",
  "source": {
    "id": "2603.03555",
    "kind": "arxiv",
    "version": 3
  }
}