Pith Number

pith:BQNWHE4S

pith:2026:BQNWHE4SHBWHG2W66R3MOD72EV

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Scale-Dependent Collective Adaptation in Self-Amending LLM Societies: A Cross-Family Study of Emergent Governance

Gen Masumoto, Kazuya Horibe, Masaomi Hatakeyama, Peter Romero, Takashi Hashimoto

Collective rule adaptation in LLM societies peaks at intermediate model sizes

arxiv:2605.17510 v1 · 2026-05-17 · nlin.AO · cs.MA

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Claims

C1strongest claim

both families exhibit a narrow mid-scale regime that supports sustained rule adoption, diverse amendments, and balanced consensus. Smaller models tend to remain rule-inert, whereas larger models often converge on restrictive voting patterns, and heterogeneous mixed-size groups collapse into veto-driven gridlock.

C2weakest assumption

The Nomic game implementation and prompting setup used here faithfully models general collective adaptation in LLM societies without introducing artifacts from specific rule templates, voting mechanics, or agent interaction protocols that would not appear in other self-governance scenarios.

C3one line summary

LLM societies in Nomic show non-monotonic collective adaptation peaking at mid-scales, with smaller models rule-inert and larger ones restrictive.

References

80 extracted · 80 resolved · 9 Pith anchors

[1] Qwen3.5: Towards native multimodal agents (2026) 2026

[2] Gemma 3 Technical Report 2025 · arXiv:2503.19786

[3] Axelrod,The Evolution of Cooperation(Basic Books, 1984) 1984

[4] Ostrom,Governing the commons: The evolution of institutions for collective action(Cambridge university press, 1990) 1990

[5] North,Institutions, Institutional Change and Economic Performance(Cam- bridge University Press, 1990) 1990

Receipt and verification

First computed	2026-05-20T00:04:43.000836Z
Builder	pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1
Signature	Pith Ed25519 (`pith-v1-2026-05`) · public key
Schema	pith-number/v1.0

Canonical hash

0c1b639392386c736adef476c70ffa25588f7d34ed27a694489166d5c9dedd14

Aliases

arxiv: 2605.17510 · arxiv_version: 2605.17510v1 · doi: 10.48550/arxiv.2605.17510 · pith_short_12: BQNWHE4SHBWH · pith_short_16: BQNWHE4SHBWHG2W6 · pith_short_8: BQNWHE4S

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Verify this Pith Number yourself

curl -sH 'Accept: application/ld+json' https://pith.science/pith/BQNWHE4SHBWHG2W66R3MOD72EV \
  | jq -c '.canonical_record' \
  | python3 -c "import sys,json,hashlib; b=json.dumps(json.loads(sys.stdin.read()), sort_keys=True, separators=(',',':'), ensure_ascii=False).encode(); print(hashlib.sha256(b).hexdigest())"
# expect: 0c1b639392386c736adef476c70ffa25588f7d34ed27a694489166d5c9dedd14

Canonical record JSON

{
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    "abstract_canon_sha256": "182468d38741e424191735fa4d951b5c1d6bacd4eb595a67d3ba07d93d1cd4db",
    "cross_cats_sorted": [
      "cs.MA"
    ],
    "license": "http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/",
    "primary_cat": "nlin.AO",
    "submitted_at": "2026-05-17T15:45:47Z",
    "title_canon_sha256": "c476f1b3f43dc3a1f66d12174e4e82734094b81bdfcc494a149e5cadf3962893"
  },
  "schema_version": "1.0",
  "source": {
    "id": "2605.17510",
    "kind": "arxiv",
    "version": 1
  }
}