Pith Number

pith:GVTGCZ4E

pith:2026:GVTGCZ4ERA27ZGILB4UWXYRSJ5

not attested not anchored not stored refs pending

Syntax as a Rosetta Stone: Universal Dependencies for In-Context Coptic Translation

Abhishek Purushothama, Alexia Guo, Amir Zeldes, Emma Thronson

Combining dictionary glosses with Universal Dependencies syntax in prompts produces new state-of-the-art Coptic-to-English translations.

arxiv:2604.18758 v2 · 2026-04-20 · cs.CL

Open paper page JSON Open Graph Bundle Merged state Verified badge What is a Pith Number?

Add to your LaTeX paper

\usepackage{pith}
\pithnumber{GVTGCZ4ERA27ZGILB4UWXYRSJ5}

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Record completeness

1 Bitcoin timestamp

2 Internet Archive

3 Author claim open · sign in to claim

4 Citations open

5 Replications open

✓ Portable graph bundle live · download bundle · merged state

The bundle contains the canonical record plus signed events. A mirror can host it anywhere and recompute the same current state with the deterministic merge algorithm.

Claims

C1strongest claim

combining retrieved dictionary items with syntactic information achieves significant gains across model sizes, achieving new state-of-the-art translation results for Coptic.

C2weakest assumption

That the observed improvements are caused by the added syntactic information rather than by prompt length, example selection, or other uncontrolled variables in the in-context setup.

C3one line summary

Combining dictionary glosses with Universal Dependencies syntactic information in in-context learning produces new state-of-the-art Coptic-English translation results across model sizes.

Receipt and verification

First computed	2026-05-28T01:04:40.518940Z
Builder	pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1
Signature	Pith Ed25519 (`pith-v1-2026-05`) · public key
Schema	pith-number/v1.0

Canonical hash

35666167848835fc990b0f296be2324f63c576281fd3fcc30362f89748baec9c

Aliases

arxiv: 2604.18758 · arxiv_version: 2604.18758v2 · doi: 10.48550/arxiv.2604.18758 · pith_short_12: GVTGCZ4ERA27 · pith_short_16: GVTGCZ4ERA27ZGIL · pith_short_8: GVTGCZ4E

Agent API

Resolver JSON Graph JSON Events JSON Schema Signing key

Verify this Pith Number yourself

curl -sH 'Accept: application/ld+json' https://pith.science/pith/GVTGCZ4ERA27ZGILB4UWXYRSJ5 \
  | jq -c '.canonical_record' \
  | python3 -c "import sys,json,hashlib; b=json.dumps(json.loads(sys.stdin.read()), sort_keys=True, separators=(',',':'), ensure_ascii=False).encode(); print(hashlib.sha256(b).hexdigest())"
# expect: 35666167848835fc990b0f296be2324f63c576281fd3fcc30362f89748baec9c

Canonical record JSON

{
  "metadata": {
    "abstract_canon_sha256": "928eb58526c400db81cbc6ad07f6799dbbf15fce02ea66569f6d473edd6dac6f",
    "cross_cats_sorted": [],
    "license": "http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
    "primary_cat": "cs.CL",
    "submitted_at": "2026-04-20T19:07:32Z",
    "title_canon_sha256": "73bfdbea16e8ec82a2ff00a3a8dd206641f46744c2d08c472e0dbf89fefd2b14"
  },
  "schema_version": "1.0",
  "source": {
    "id": "2604.18758",
    "kind": "arxiv",
    "version": 2
  }
}