Pith Number

pith:J7VM4J7A

pith:2025:J7VM4J7AT5HW2PFBF5ZJGKG4E6

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Heat-dissipation decomposition and free-energy generation in a non-equilibrium dot with multi-electron states

Chloe Salhani, Katsuhiko Nishiguchi, Kensaku Chida, Takase Shimizu, Toshiaki Hayashi

Decomposing total heat into housekeeping and excess parts in a driven nanodot shows direct correlation with generated free energy.

arxiv:2501.16721 v3 · 2025-01-28 · cond-mat.stat-mech · math.ST · physics.app-ph · stat.TH

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Claims

C1strongest claim

By analyzing the time-domain probability distributions of multi-electron states of the dot, we quantitatively decompose the heat dissipation into housekeeping and excess heats, thereby revealing their direct correlation with free-energy generation. This correlation suggests that the ratio of the generated free energy to the work applied to the dot can potentially reach 0.5 under far-from-equilibrium conditions induced by a large signal, while an efficiency of 0.25 was experimentally achieved.

C2weakest assumption

That the measured time-domain probability distributions of multi-electron states permit an accurate, quantitative separation of total heat into housekeeping and excess components without unaccounted systematic errors from the AC drive, finite measurement bandwidth, or multi-electron interactions.

C3one line summary

Experimental decomposition of heat dissipation into housekeeping and excess components in a multi-electron quantum dot reveals correlation with free-energy generation, achieving 0.25 efficiency with potential for 0.5.

References

57 extracted · 57 resolved · 0 Pith anchors

[1] Landauer, Irreversibility and heat generation in the computing process, IBM J 1961

[2] A. B´ erut, A. Arakelyan, A. Petrosyan, S. Ciliberto, R. Dillenschneider, and E. Lutz, Experimental veriﬁca- tion of landauer’s principle linking information and ther- modynamics, Nature 483, 187 (201 2012

[3] Y. Jun, M. c. v. Gavrilov, and J. Bechhoefer, High- precision test of landauer’s principle in a feedback trap, Phys. Rev. Lett. 113, 190601 (2014) 2014

[4] J. V. Koski, V. F. Maisi, J. P. Pekola, and D. V. Averin, Experimental realization of a szilard engine with a single electron, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 111, 13786 (2014) 2014

[5] A. B´ erut, A. Petrosyan, and S. Ciliberto, Information and thermodynamics: experimental veriﬁcation of landauer’s erasure principle, J. Stat. Mech. 2015, P06015 (2015) 2015

Receipt and verification

First computed	2026-05-28T01:04:26.550930Z
Builder	pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1
Signature	Pith Ed25519 (`pith-v1-2026-05`) · public key
Schema	pith-number/v1.0

Canonical hash

4feace27e09f4f6d3ca12f729328dc27b025b92c1ac27bbef718a45b8f7e2ac5

Aliases

arxiv: 2501.16721 · arxiv_version: 2501.16721v3 · doi: 10.48550/arxiv.2501.16721 · pith_short_12: J7VM4J7AT5HW · pith_short_16: J7VM4J7AT5HW2PFB · pith_short_8: J7VM4J7A

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Verify this Pith Number yourself

curl -sH 'Accept: application/ld+json' https://pith.science/pith/J7VM4J7AT5HW2PFBF5ZJGKG4E6 \
  | jq -c '.canonical_record' \
  | python3 -c "import sys,json,hashlib; b=json.dumps(json.loads(sys.stdin.read()), sort_keys=True, separators=(',',':'), ensure_ascii=False).encode(); print(hashlib.sha256(b).hexdigest())"
# expect: 4feace27e09f4f6d3ca12f729328dc27b025b92c1ac27bbef718a45b8f7e2ac5

Canonical record JSON

{
  "metadata": {
    "abstract_canon_sha256": "75741242d58e5912b114c9dfff1a65f3dcf805d71ebd64d666ad2c558c54555e",
    "cross_cats_sorted": [
      "math.ST",
      "physics.app-ph",
      "stat.TH"
    ],
    "license": "http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/",
    "primary_cat": "cond-mat.stat-mech",
    "submitted_at": "2025-01-28T05:58:15Z",
    "title_canon_sha256": "0f712c5470ba9e559ef0ca23595c571ce3f933ff8060cd640d9376ae1ccfd1bc"
  },
  "schema_version": "1.0",
  "source": {
    "id": "2501.16721",
    "kind": "arxiv",
    "version": 3
  }
}