Pith Number

pith:N43FVOXR

pith:2024:N43FVOXRB6NPZSQZU355NTG3W5

not attested not anchored not stored refs pending

SOUL: Unlocking the Power of Second-Order Optimization for LLM Unlearning

Bharat Runwal, Bhavya Kailkhura, James Diffenderfer, Jiancheng Liu, Jinghan Jia, Sijia Liu, Yihua Zhang, Yimeng Zhang

arxiv:2404.18239 v4 · 2024-04-28 · cs.LG · cs.CL

Open paper page JSON Open Graph Bundle Merged state Verified badge What is a Pith Number?

Add to your LaTeX paper

\usepackage{pith}
\pithnumber{N43FVOXRB6NPZSQZU355NTG3W5}

Prints a linked badge after your title and injects PDF metadata. Compiles on arXiv. Learn more · Embed verified badge

Record completeness

1 Bitcoin timestamp

2 Internet Archive

3 Author claim open · sign in to claim

4 Citations open

5 Replications open

✓ Portable graph bundle live · download bundle · merged state

The bundle contains the canonical record plus signed events. A mirror can host it anywhere and recompute the same current state with the deterministic merge algorithm.

Cited by

6 papers in Pith

TRACER: Token ReAssignment for Concept ERasure in Generative Recommendation

ZeroUnlearn: Few-Shot Knowledge Unlearning in Large Language Models

Revisiting the Past: Data Unlearning with Model State History

Receipt and verification

First computed	2026-07-05T08:36:05.806328Z
Builder	pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1
Signature	Pith Ed25519 (`pith-v1-2026-05`) · public key
Schema	pith-number/v1.0

Canonical hash

6f365abaf10f9afcca19a6fbd6ccdbb7551ccd50f4dacd2d4fbe2fe2ca26515c

Aliases

arxiv: 2404.18239 · arxiv_version: 2404.18239v4 · doi: 10.48550/arxiv.2404.18239 · pith_short_12: N43FVOXRB6NP · pith_short_16: N43FVOXRB6NPZSQZ · pith_short_8: N43FVOXR

Agent API

Resolver JSON Graph JSON Events JSON Schema Signing key

Verify this Pith Number yourself

curl -sH 'Accept: application/ld+json' https://pith.science/pith/N43FVOXRB6NPZSQZU355NTG3W5 \
  | jq -c '.canonical_record' \
  | python3 -c "import sys,json,hashlib; b=json.dumps(json.loads(sys.stdin.read()), sort_keys=True, separators=(',',':'), ensure_ascii=False).encode(); print(hashlib.sha256(b).hexdigest())"
# expect: 6f365abaf10f9afcca19a6fbd6ccdbb7551ccd50f4dacd2d4fbe2fe2ca26515c

Canonical record JSON

{
  "metadata": {
    "abstract_canon_sha256": "f320f6a2d17a886480c95ce5753d092fae72d2ed0ec72de7aaddad986037fdcd",
    "cross_cats_sorted": [
      "cs.CL"
    ],
    "license": "http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
    "primary_cat": "cs.LG",
    "submitted_at": "2024-04-28T16:31:32Z",
    "title_canon_sha256": "48302321ced40ee226d51c5a86bc07402215db32b0063a0826fb4b415d2f9922"
  },
  "schema_version": "1.0",
  "source": {
    "id": "2404.18239",
    "kind": "arxiv",
    "version": 4
  }
}