Pith Number

pith:PBAR5VJO

pith:2026:PBAR5VJOY6T5USUSUCJB2I7IUG

not attested not anchored not stored refs resolved

Little Impact of ChatGPT Availability on High School Student Test Score Performance

Nick Huntington-Klein

ChatGPT availability had no meaningful impact on high school test scores.

arxiv:2605.08812 v2 · 2026-05-09 · econ.GN · q-fin.EC

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\usepackage{pith}
\pithnumber{PBAR5VJOY6T5USUSUCJB2I7IUG}

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Record completeness

1 Bitcoin timestamp

2 Internet Archive

3 Author claim open · sign in to claim

4 Citations open

5 Replications open

✓ Portable graph bundle live · download bundle · merged state

The bundle contains the canonical record plus signed events. A mirror can host it anywhere and recompute the same current state with the deterministic merge algorithm.

Claims

C1strongest claim

I find no meaningful impact of AI usage on high school test score averages in either direction.

C2weakest assumption

The summer dropoff in ChatGPT activity validly identifies areas with heavy educational (as opposed to recreational or professional) AI use and that this variation is not confounded by other time-varying factors that also affect test scores.

C3one line summary

Seasonal drop in ChatGPT usage during summers identifies high-AI-use areas and shows no impact on high school test score averages.

References

2 extracted · 2 resolved · 0 Pith anchors

[1] ChatGPT as a cognitive crutch: Evidence from a randomized controlled trial on knowledge retention 2026 · doi:10.1016/j.ssaho.2025.102287.url:

[2] The emerging generative artificial intelligence divide in the United States 2025 · doi:10.1016/j.compedu.2024.105224.url:

Formal links

1 machine-checked theorem link

Receipt and verification

First computed	2026-05-20T00:00:41.607296Z
Builder	pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1
Signature	Pith Ed25519 (`pith-v1-2026-05`) · public key
Schema	pith-number/v1.0

Canonical hash

78411ed52ec7a7da4a92a0921d23e8a19ceaee652a0395ace22f8cd4e3572eee

Aliases

arxiv: 2605.08812 · arxiv_version: 2605.08812v2 · doi: 10.48550/arxiv.2605.08812 · pith_short_12: PBAR5VJOY6T5 · pith_short_16: PBAR5VJOY6T5USUS · pith_short_8: PBAR5VJO

Agent API

Resolver JSON Graph JSON Events JSON Schema Signing key

Verify this Pith Number yourself

curl -sH 'Accept: application/ld+json' https://pith.science/pith/PBAR5VJOY6T5USUSUCJB2I7IUG \
  | jq -c '.canonical_record' \
  | python3 -c "import sys,json,hashlib; b=json.dumps(json.loads(sys.stdin.read()), sort_keys=True, separators=(',',':'), ensure_ascii=False).encode(); print(hashlib.sha256(b).hexdigest())"
# expect: 78411ed52ec7a7da4a92a0921d23e8a19ceaee652a0395ace22f8cd4e3572eee

Canonical record JSON

{
  "metadata": {
    "abstract_canon_sha256": "73200ac2d53516a10b262ca346b5cf36acc38061053e4a3f5a7046eed3439a72",
    "cross_cats_sorted": [
      "q-fin.EC"
    ],
    "license": "http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/",
    "primary_cat": "econ.GN",
    "submitted_at": "2026-05-09T09:03:04Z",
    "title_canon_sha256": "adb95d7378f75c08b469645f3969cc764fb645df7c8218cb3366ef4a5285f477"
  },
  "schema_version": "1.0",
  "source": {
    "id": "2605.08812",
    "kind": "arxiv",
    "version": 2
  }
}