Pith Number

pith:SKHVN42H

pith:2026:SKHVN42HEVVAYWDPEPTLG7Z3HB

not attested not anchored not stored refs pending

Stellar Coronal Mass Ejections with HWO: A Science Case Concept

Ivey Davis, James Paul Mason, Karin Dissauer, Kevin France, Meng Jin, R. O. Parke Loyd

The Habitable World Observatory should be designed to detect stellar coronal mass ejections that deplete ozone by 10 percent or more on Earth-like planets.

arxiv:2604.16746 v2 · 2026-04-17 · astro-ph.IM · astro-ph.EP · astro-ph.SR

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\usepackage{pith}
\pithnumber{SKHVN42HEVVAYWDPEPTLG7Z3HB}

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The bundle contains the canonical record plus signed events. A mirror can host it anywhere and recompute the same current state with the deterministic merge algorithm.

Claims

C1strongest claim

Here, we make a conceptual case for factoring sensitivity to stellar coronal mass ejections into the design of HWO. We drive design considerations by requiring that HWO constrain the rate of CMEs producing 10% or greater depletions of total ozone column to fewer than one per decade, the timescale over which ozone returns to pre-event levels.

C2weakest assumption

That stellar CMEs can produce 10% or greater ozone depletions on Earth-like planets and that this effect is a dominant concern for biosignature interpretation, with the proposed detection methods being feasible for HWO.

C3one line summary

The Habitable World Observatory should be designed to constrain stellar coronal mass ejection rates causing 10% or greater ozone depletions to fewer than one per decade.

Receipt and verification

First computed	2026-05-20T00:02:11.669167Z
Builder	pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1
Signature	Pith Ed25519 (`pith-v1-2026-05`) · public key
Schema	pith-number/v1.0

Canonical hash

928f56f347256a0c586f23e6b37f3b386dba5c4cec8c1d214c7579512d846eb1

Aliases

arxiv: 2604.16746 · arxiv_version: 2604.16746v2 · doi: 10.48550/arxiv.2604.16746 · pith_short_12: SKHVN42HEVVA · pith_short_16: SKHVN42HEVVAYWDP · pith_short_8: SKHVN42H

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Verify this Pith Number yourself

curl -sH 'Accept: application/ld+json' https://pith.science/pith/SKHVN42HEVVAYWDPEPTLG7Z3HB \
  | jq -c '.canonical_record' \
  | python3 -c "import sys,json,hashlib; b=json.dumps(json.loads(sys.stdin.read()), sort_keys=True, separators=(',',':'), ensure_ascii=False).encode(); print(hashlib.sha256(b).hexdigest())"
# expect: 928f56f347256a0c586f23e6b37f3b386dba5c4cec8c1d214c7579512d846eb1

Canonical record JSON

{
  "metadata": {
    "abstract_canon_sha256": "a2eb8e88e444510eea24a52fd1fbc5b147f9561a4413cd18f7a2a383ee3ef886",
    "cross_cats_sorted": [
      "astro-ph.EP",
      "astro-ph.SR"
    ],
    "license": "http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/",
    "primary_cat": "astro-ph.IM",
    "submitted_at": "2026-04-17T23:37:00Z",
    "title_canon_sha256": "847c5a5580efa7618bb76287b975944bc8babc083161e377fc4dcd4d4f0ada88"
  },
  "schema_version": "1.0",
  "source": {
    "id": "2604.16746",
    "kind": "arxiv",
    "version": 2
  }
}