Pith Number

pith:SO76PEDC

pith:2023:SO76PEDCYF7C2AJR32CVFSZNOP

not attested not anchored not stored refs pending

A Theory on Adam Instability in Large-Scale Machine Learning

Andrew Poulton, Binh Tang, David Esiobu, Diana Liskovich, Igor Molybog, Melanie Kambadur, Moya Chen, Naman Goyal, Peter Albert, Punit Singh Koura, Puxin Xu, Ruan Silva, Sharan Narang, Stephen Roller, Susan Zhang, Yuchen Zhang, Zachary DeVito

arxiv:2304.09871 v2 · 2023-04-19 · cs.LG · cs.AI · math.OC

Open paper page JSON Open Graph Bundle Merged state Verified badge What is a Pith Number?

Add to your LaTeX paper

\usepackage{pith}
\pithnumber{SO76PEDCYF7C2AJR32CVFSZNOP}

Prints a linked badge after your title and injects PDF metadata. Compiles on arXiv. Learn more · Embed verified badge

Record completeness

1 Bitcoin timestamp

2 Internet Archive

3 Author claim open · sign in to claim

4 Citations open

5 Replications open

✓ Portable graph bundle live · download bundle · merged state

The bundle contains the canonical record plus signed events. A mirror can host it anywhere and recompute the same current state with the deterministic merge algorithm.

Cited by

12 papers in Pith

SCAPE: Accurate and Efficient LLM Training with Extreme Sparse Communication

Grokking or Glitching? How Low-Precision Drives Slingshot Loss Spikes

PowLU: An Activation Function for Stable Pre-Training of LLMs

GWT: Scalable Optimizer State Compression for Large Language Model Training

Gemini 2.5: Pushing the Frontier with Advanced Reasoning, Multimodality, Long Context, and Next Generation Agentic Capabilities

Receipt and verification

First computed	2026-07-05T06:04:14.377109Z
Builder	pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1
Signature	Pith Ed25519 (`pith-v1-2026-05`) · public key
Schema	pith-number/v1.0

Canonical hash

93bfe79062c17e2d0131de8552cb2d73d50766b387be15adbc66e345222c17e5

Aliases

arxiv: 2304.09871 · arxiv_version: 2304.09871v2 · doi: 10.48550/arxiv.2304.09871 · pith_short_12: SO76PEDCYF7C · pith_short_16: SO76PEDCYF7C2AJR · pith_short_8: SO76PEDC

Agent API

Resolver JSON Graph JSON Events JSON Schema Signing key

Verify this Pith Number yourself

curl -sH 'Accept: application/ld+json' https://pith.science/pith/SO76PEDCYF7C2AJR32CVFSZNOP \
  | jq -c '.canonical_record' \
  | python3 -c "import sys,json,hashlib; b=json.dumps(json.loads(sys.stdin.read()), sort_keys=True, separators=(',',':'), ensure_ascii=False).encode(); print(hashlib.sha256(b).hexdigest())"
# expect: 93bfe79062c17e2d0131de8552cb2d73d50766b387be15adbc66e345222c17e5

Canonical record JSON

{
  "metadata": {
    "abstract_canon_sha256": "a21c0b5d276017e7c3570540e757eeedc76ce8b44705c1c0294914c1550602ac",
    "cross_cats_sorted": [
      "cs.AI",
      "math.OC"
    ],
    "license": "http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
    "primary_cat": "cs.LG",
    "submitted_at": "2023-04-19T06:15:11Z",
    "title_canon_sha256": "6553f380d521f4433f5c6b03ae6394880b96859825918bcbb65930d100ff853c"
  },
  "schema_version": "1.0",
  "source": {
    "id": "2304.09871",
    "kind": "arxiv",
    "version": 2
  }
}