Pith Number

pith:U4JDLAED

pith:2025:U4JDLAEDXFJDJQHXK22CTKZBNC

not attested not anchored not stored refs pending

When Shift Happens - Confounding Is to Blame

Abbavaram Gowtham Reddy, Celia Rubio-Madrigal, Krikamol Muandet, Rebekka Burkholz

arxiv:2505.21422 v1 · 2025-05-27 · cs.LG

Open paper page JSON Open Graph Bundle Merged state Verified badge What is a Pith Number?

Add to your LaTeX paper

\usepackage{pith}
\pithnumber{U4JDLAEDXFJDJQHXK22CTKZBNC}

Prints a linked badge after your title and injects PDF metadata. Compiles on arXiv. Learn more · Embed verified badge

Record completeness

1 Bitcoin timestamp

2 Internet Archive

3 Author claim open · sign in to claim

4 Citations open

5 Replications open

✓ Portable graph bundle live · download bundle · merged state

The bundle contains the canonical record plus signed events. A mirror can host it anywhere and recompute the same current state with the deterministic merge algorithm.

Receipt and verification

First computed	2026-07-05T11:10:41.750311Z
Builder	pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1
Signature	Pith Ed25519 (`pith-v1-2026-05`) · public key
Schema	pith-number/v1.0

Canonical hash

a712358083b95234c0f756b429ab216894ab9b53968f92f4c9a95607f11a2b03

Aliases

arxiv: 2505.21422 · arxiv_version: 2505.21422v1 · doi: 10.48550/arxiv.2505.21422 · pith_short_12: U4JDLAEDXFJD · pith_short_16: U4JDLAEDXFJDJQHX · pith_short_8: U4JDLAED

Agent API

Resolver JSON Graph JSON Events JSON Schema Signing key

Verify this Pith Number yourself

curl -sH 'Accept: application/ld+json' https://pith.science/pith/U4JDLAEDXFJDJQHXK22CTKZBNC \
  | jq -c '.canonical_record' \
  | python3 -c "import sys,json,hashlib; b=json.dumps(json.loads(sys.stdin.read()), sort_keys=True, separators=(',',':'), ensure_ascii=False).encode(); print(hashlib.sha256(b).hexdigest())"
# expect: a712358083b95234c0f756b429ab216894ab9b53968f92f4c9a95607f11a2b03

Canonical record JSON

{
  "metadata": {
    "abstract_canon_sha256": "cdfd6a4ac748ffa8c7ee4918f87cffc6025fee3e7ff8f4bcb368b8c99baef12d",
    "cross_cats_sorted": [],
    "license": "http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
    "primary_cat": "cs.LG",
    "submitted_at": "2025-05-27T16:50:44Z",
    "title_canon_sha256": "e14eb90340dafe4561b4d3a301bc6113096fc401b748bd2d128c6b1ac330773b"
  },
  "schema_version": "1.0",
  "source": {
    "id": "2505.21422",
    "kind": "arxiv",
    "version": 1
  }
}