Pith Number

pith:UU4R3VYX

pith:2023:UU4R3VYXPSBW25IVHEN5QCPQDZ

not attested not anchored not stored refs pending

Rail-only: A Low-Cost High-Performance Network for Training LLMs with Trillion Parameters

Kayvon Shakeri, Manya Ghobadi, Naader Hasani, Weiyang Wang, Ying Zhang

arxiv:2307.12169 v5 · 2023-07-22 · cs.NI · cs.AI · cs.LG

Open paper page JSON Open Graph Bundle Merged state Verified badge What is a Pith Number?

Add to your LaTeX paper

\usepackage{pith}
\pithnumber{UU4R3VYXPSBW25IVHEN5QCPQDZ}

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Record completeness

1 Bitcoin timestamp

2 Internet Archive

3 Author claim open · sign in to claim

4 Citations open

5 Replications open

✓ Portable graph bundle live · download bundle · merged state

The bundle contains the canonical record plus signed events. A mirror can host it anywhere and recompute the same current state with the deterministic merge algorithm.

Cited by

2 papers in Pith

Diagnosing Overhead in Dispatch Operations: Cross-architecture Observatory

Switching Efficiency: A Novel Framework for Dissecting AI Data Center Network Efficiency

Receipt and verification

First computed	2026-07-05T09:06:54.392016Z
Builder	pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1
Signature	Pith Ed25519 (`pith-v1-2026-05`) · public key
Schema	pith-number/v1.0

Canonical hash

a5391dd7177c836d7515391bd809f01e5a34d778f0bbe8d7aacd848d347fc71b

Aliases

arxiv: 2307.12169 · arxiv_version: 2307.12169v5 · doi: 10.48550/arxiv.2307.12169 · pith_short_12: UU4R3VYXPSBW · pith_short_16: UU4R3VYXPSBW25IV · pith_short_8: UU4R3VYX

Agent API

Resolver JSON Graph JSON Events JSON Schema Signing key

Verify this Pith Number yourself

curl -sH 'Accept: application/ld+json' https://pith.science/pith/UU4R3VYXPSBW25IVHEN5QCPQDZ \
  | jq -c '.canonical_record' \
  | python3 -c "import sys,json,hashlib; b=json.dumps(json.loads(sys.stdin.read()), sort_keys=True, separators=(',',':'), ensure_ascii=False).encode(); print(hashlib.sha256(b).hexdigest())"
# expect: a5391dd7177c836d7515391bd809f01e5a34d778f0bbe8d7aacd848d347fc71b

Canonical record JSON

{
  "metadata": {
    "abstract_canon_sha256": "584bba403c17106905a580cd83e6262bec449b8ad4ef3b60d99da6a05ceceb76",
    "cross_cats_sorted": [
      "cs.AI",
      "cs.LG"
    ],
    "license": "http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
    "primary_cat": "cs.NI",
    "submitted_at": "2023-07-22T21:18:41Z",
    "title_canon_sha256": "7f9c843fa71b4fc13447df3711fe5d41cc99a14d4edf1cff369dd977ab39db92"
  },
  "schema_version": "1.0",
  "source": {
    "id": "2307.12169",
    "kind": "arxiv",
    "version": 5
  }
}