Pith Number

pith:XB7SR6GA

pith:2026:XB7SR6GAGTXEI44JX7OHBYL7OO

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The Role of Formation Location in Shaping Sulfur-, Nitrogen-, and Carbon-Bearing Species in Super-Earth and Sub-Neptune Atmospheres

Aaron Werlen, Annika Salmi, Caroline Dorn, Lukas Felix, Remo Burn

Formation location imprints on atmospheric C/O ratios and silicon species in super-Earths and sub-Neptunes even after magma ocean equilibration, with nitrogen depletion as a common result.

arxiv:2605.15170 v1 · 2026-05-14 · astro-ph.EP

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\usepackage{pith}
\pithnumber{XB7SR6GAGTXEI44JX7OHBYL7OO}

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Record completeness

1 Bitcoin timestamp

2 Internet Archive

3 Author claim open · sign in to claim

4 Citations open

5 Replications open

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The bundle contains the canonical record plus signed events. A mirror can host it anywhere and recompute the same current state with the deterministic merge algorithm.

Claims

C1strongest claim

We identify atmospheric C/O, SiH4, and H2O as potential indicators of formation location, while nitrogen depletion emerges as a generic outcome of magma ocean equilibration.

C2weakest assumption

That the extended global chemical equilibrium framework and the Bern Generation III synthetic population accurately capture the dominant processes without significant kinetic barriers or missing reactions at ~40 Myr.

C3one line summary

Magma ocean equilibration depletes atmospheric nitrogen and shifts C/O ratios in sub-Neptune atmospheres, making C/O, SiH4, and H2O potential tracers of formation location.

References

100 extracted · 100 resolved · 2 Pith anchors

[1] 2017, Geochemistry, 77, 227, doi: 10.1016/j.chemer.2017.01.007 2017 · doi:10.1016/j.chemer.2017.01.007

[2] Anderson, D. E., Bergin, E. A., Blake, G. A., et al. 2017, The Astrophysical Journal, 845, 13, doi: 10.3847/1538-4357/aa7da1 2017 · doi:10.3847/1538-4357/aa7da1

[3] D., & Ghiorso, M 1998 · doi:10.2138/am-1998-9-1022

[4] P., Piet, H., Siebert, J., & Ryerson, F 2015 · doi:10.1073/pnas.1505672112

[5] E., Wolfgang, A., Teske, J., et al 2022 · doi:10.3847/1538-3881/ac9f45

Formal links

2 machine-checked theorem links

Receipt and verification

First computed	2026-05-17T21:40:25.291595Z
Last reissued	2026-05-17T21:57:18.627332Z
Builder	pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1
Signature	unsigned_v0
Schema	pith-number/v1.0

Canonical hash

b87f28f8c034ee447389bfdc70e17f738294ec72f8c4baec9d4b6dc0dc15e214

Aliases

arxiv: 2605.15170 · arxiv_version: 2605.15170v1 · pith_short_12: XB7SR6GAGTXE · pith_short_16: XB7SR6GAGTXEI44J · pith_short_8: XB7SR6GA

Agent API

Resolver JSON Graph JSON Events JSON Schema Signing key

Verify this Pith Number yourself

curl -sH 'Accept: application/ld+json' https://pith.science/pith/XB7SR6GAGTXEI44JX7OHBYL7OO \
  | jq -c '.canonical_record' \
  | python3 -c "import sys,json,hashlib; b=json.dumps(json.loads(sys.stdin.read()), sort_keys=True, separators=(',',':'), ensure_ascii=False).encode(); print(hashlib.sha256(b).hexdigest())"
# expect: b87f28f8c034ee447389bfdc70e17f738294ec72f8c4baec9d4b6dc0dc15e214

Canonical record JSON

{
  "metadata": {
    "abstract_canon_sha256": "f3d2fd9d3fcdf955ef309eca2b3f4f05b2f544c6cb6ab21084a36f42271095b5",
    "cross_cats_sorted": [],
    "license": "http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/",
    "primary_cat": "astro-ph.EP",
    "submitted_at": "2026-05-14T17:55:57Z",
    "title_canon_sha256": "98b9c4fdcded386adc93364506c3ff193bf5e8de0f9a60f120e985aff4345344"
  },
  "schema_version": "1.0",
  "source": {
    "id": "2605.15170",
    "kind": "arxiv",
    "version": 1
  }
}