Pith Number

pith:XBIL6WUV

pith:2026:XBIL6WUVIBVD3SWUSOCUNPFZMF

not attested not anchored not stored refs resolved

The long-term evolution of Ultra Faint Dwarf Galaxies and observational implications

Alessandro Alberto Trani, Francesco Flammini Dotti, Giovanni Carraro, Rainer Spurzem, Roberto Capuzzo-Dolcetta

Simulations of ultra-faint dwarf galaxies without dark matter show that binary stars can substantially overestimate their velocity dispersions.

arxiv:2601.13049 v2 · 2026-01-19 · astro-ph.GA

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\usepackage{pith}
\pithnumber{XBIL6WUVIBVD3SWUSOCUNPFZMF}

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Record completeness

1 Bitcoin timestamp

2 Internet Archive

3 Author claim open · sign in to claim

4 Citations open

5 Replications open

✓ Portable graph bundle live · download bundle · merged state

The bundle contains the canonical record plus signed events. A mirror can host it anywhere and recompute the same current state with the deterministic merge algorithm.

Claims

C1strongest claim

if not taken into account properly, velocity dispersion measurements can be strongly biased by the presence of a significant binary population, which can lead to substantial overestimates of velocity dispersion in UFDs

C2weakest assumption

That the chosen initial conditions, binary fractions, and purely stellar (no dark matter) setup accurately represent real ultra-faint dwarf galaxies and that the N-body code captures all relevant physics over a Hubble time.

C3one line summary

N-body simulations of ultra-faint dwarf galaxies without dark matter find a 3-billion-year quasi-stationary phase followed by mass segregation, with binaries causing substantial overestimates of velocity dispersion.

References

45 extracted · 45 resolved · 0 Pith anchors

[1] Aaronson, M. & Olszewski, E. W. 1988, in Large Scale Structures of the Uni- verse, ed. J. Audouze, M. C. Pelletan, A. Szalay, Y . B. Zel’dovich, & P. J. E 1988

[2] Amorisco, N. C. & Evans, N. W. 2011, MNRAS, 411, 2118 2011

[3] 1980, Ap&SS, 69, 45 Arca Sedda, M., Kamlah, A 1980

[4] Belokurov, V ., Walker, M. G., Evans, N. W., et al. 2009, MNRAS, 397, 1748 2009

[5] Belokurov, V ., Zucker, D. B., Evans, N. W., et al. 2007, ApJ, 654, 897 2007

Formal links

2 machine-checked theorem links

Cited by

1 paper in Pith

Compact, AGN-hosting Dwarf Galaxies with "Little Red Dots"-like SEDs in the Local Universe

Receipt and verification

First computed	2026-06-03T14:05:46.164742Z
Builder	pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1
Signature	Pith Ed25519 (`pith-v1-2026-05`) · public key
Schema	pith-number/v1.0

Canonical hash

b850bf5a95406a3dcad4938546bcb961599465898c25bcc6e34a3dc545c065f5

Aliases

arxiv: 2601.13049 · arxiv_version: 2601.13049v2 · doi: 10.48550/arxiv.2601.13049 · pith_short_12: XBIL6WUVIBVD · pith_short_16: XBIL6WUVIBVD3SWU · pith_short_8: XBIL6WUV

Agent API

Resolver JSON Graph JSON Events JSON Schema Signing key

Verify this Pith Number yourself

curl -sH 'Accept: application/ld+json' https://pith.science/pith/XBIL6WUVIBVD3SWUSOCUNPFZMF \
  | jq -c '.canonical_record' \
  | python3 -c "import sys,json,hashlib; b=json.dumps(json.loads(sys.stdin.read()), sort_keys=True, separators=(',',':'), ensure_ascii=False).encode(); print(hashlib.sha256(b).hexdigest())"
# expect: b850bf5a95406a3dcad4938546bcb961599465898c25bcc6e34a3dc545c065f5

Canonical record JSON

{
  "metadata": {
    "abstract_canon_sha256": "64a7c43b1095645f6e297f5d9803e3491354ca44af930a8b0f2918c0f870dc2a",
    "cross_cats_sorted": [],
    "license": "http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/",
    "primary_cat": "astro-ph.GA",
    "submitted_at": "2026-01-19T13:39:45Z",
    "title_canon_sha256": "a745f0ac08c06dc575fd9e32cec8cc4f2abbdbbb1abeadad6e126e30fca28138"
  },
  "schema_version": "1.0",
  "source": {
    "id": "2601.13049",
    "kind": "arxiv",
    "version": 2
  }
}