Pith Number

pith:YF5ULMXE

pith:2026:YF5ULMXEZC4G3OSM2Q7T2AYWYM

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Debug Like a Human: Scaling LLM-based Fault Localization to Processor Design via Block-Level Instruction-Oriented Slicing

Deheng Yang, Guangda Zhang, Jiang Wu, Jianjun Xu, Jiayu He, Xiaoguang Mao, Yan Lei, Yihao Qin, Zizhen Liu

BluesFL triples top-1 bug localization in large processor designs using block-level instruction slicing.

arxiv:2605.17290 v1 · 2026-05-17 · cs.SE

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\usepackage{pith}
\pithnumber{YF5ULMXEZC4G3OSM2Q7T2AYWYM}

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Record completeness

1 Bitcoin timestamp

2 Internet Archive

3 Author claim open · sign in to claim

4 Citations open

5 Replications open

✓ Portable graph bundle live · download bundle · merged state

The bundle contains the canonical record plus signed events. A mirror can host it anywhere and recompute the same current state with the deterministic merge algorithm.

Claims

C1strongest claim

BluesFL correctly localizes 24 bugs at Top-1 on a real-world RISC-V processor core comprising 19K lines of SystemVerilog code, achieving 242.9% improvement over the existing state-of-the-art (7 bugs).

C2weakest assumption

The dataflow-based blockization and Block-Level Instruction-Oriented Slicing (Blues) algorithm are assumed to provide the critical local context that enables LLMs to mimic human debugging reasoning effectively; this premise is invoked in the description of the approach but its validity rests on the specific implementation details and prompt engineering not visible in the abstract.

C3one line summary

BluesFL uses block-level instruction-oriented slicing with LLMs to localize 24 bugs at Top-1 in a 19K-line RISC-V processor, a 242.9% gain over prior SOTA of 7 bugs.

References

30 extracted · 30 resolved · 1 Pith anchors

[1] 2025. CoreMark. https://github.com/lowRISC/ibex/tree/master/examples/sw/ benchmarks/coremark 2025

[2] 2025. cva6. https://github.com/openhwgroup/cva6 2025

[3] 2025. Ibex. https://github.com/lowRISC/ibex 2025

[4] Rocket Chip Generator 2025

[5] 2025. sv-parser. https://github.com/dalance/sv-parser 2025

Formal links

2 machine-checked theorem links

Receipt and verification

First computed	2026-05-20T00:03:50.216297Z
Builder	pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1
Signature	Pith Ed25519 (`pith-v1-2026-05`) · public key
Schema	pith-number/v1.0

Canonical hash

c17b45b2e4c8b86dba4cd43f3d0316c333a85838110cf8a044a2d6a4b300a9d8

Aliases

arxiv: 2605.17290 · arxiv_version: 2605.17290v1 · doi: 10.48550/arxiv.2605.17290 · pith_short_12: YF5ULMXEZC4G · pith_short_16: YF5ULMXEZC4G3OSM · pith_short_8: YF5ULMXE

Agent API

Resolver JSON Graph JSON Events JSON Schema Signing key

Verify this Pith Number yourself

curl -sH 'Accept: application/ld+json' https://pith.science/pith/YF5ULMXEZC4G3OSM2Q7T2AYWYM \
  | jq -c '.canonical_record' \
  | python3 -c "import sys,json,hashlib; b=json.dumps(json.loads(sys.stdin.read()), sort_keys=True, separators=(',',':'), ensure_ascii=False).encode(); print(hashlib.sha256(b).hexdigest())"
# expect: c17b45b2e4c8b86dba4cd43f3d0316c333a85838110cf8a044a2d6a4b300a9d8

Canonical record JSON

{
  "metadata": {
    "abstract_canon_sha256": "d2f7d91fc18d66805171d370dfdd738c5ef5582b31c22857b1223f3067ea7720",
    "cross_cats_sorted": [],
    "license": "http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
    "primary_cat": "cs.SE",
    "submitted_at": "2026-05-17T07:02:54Z",
    "title_canon_sha256": "54de3dfe7ec91fdab0809c4908d659c06ebc22f911759a232334d5e5231dc6ae"
  },
  "schema_version": "1.0",
  "source": {
    "id": "2605.17290",
    "kind": "arxiv",
    "version": 1
  }
}