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The Ryu-Takayanagi Formula from Quantum Error Correction

11 Pith papers cite this work. Polarity classification is still indexing.

11 Pith papers citing it
abstract

I argue that a version of the quantum-corrected Ryu-Takayanagi formula holds in any quantum error-correcting code. I present this result as a series of theorems of increasing generality, with the final statement expressed in the language of operator-algebra quantum error correction. In AdS/CFT this gives a "purely boundary" interpretation of the formula. I also extend a recent theorem, which established entanglement-wedge reconstruction in AdS/CFT, when interpreted as a subsystem code, to the more general, and I argue more physical, case of subalgebra codes. For completeness, I include a self-contained presentation of the theory of von Neumann algebras on finite-dimensional Hilbert spaces, as well as the algebraic definition of entropy. The results confirm a close relationship between bulk gauge transformations, edge-modes/soft-hair on black holes, and the Ryu-Takayanagi formula. They also suggest a new perspective on the homology constraint, which basically is to get rid of it in a way that preserves the validity of the formula, but which removes any tension with the linearity of quantum mechanics. Moreover they suggest a boundary interpretation of the "bit threads" recently introduced by Freedman and Headrick.

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representative citing papers

Holographic Tensor Networks as Tessellations of Geometry

hep-th · 2025-12-22 · unverdicted · novelty 6.0

Holographic tensor networks constructed from PEE-thread tessellations of AdS geometry reproduce the exact Ryu-Takayanagi formula in factorized EPR, perfect-tensor, and random variants.

Modular Witten Diagrams and Quantum Extremality

hep-th · 2025-12-12 · unverdicted · novelty 6.0

Modular Witten diagrams reproduce the O(λ² G_N) correction to holographic entanglement entropy, matching the canonical energy term in the quantum Ryu-Takayanagi formula with wedge shape deformation.

Single-Sided Black Holes in Double-Scaled SYK Model and No Man's Island

hep-th · 2025-11-03 · unverdicted · novelty 6.0

In the double-scaled SYK model with an end-of-the-world brane, the boundary algebra for a single-sided black hole is a type II1 von Neumann factor with non-trivial commutant, preventing full bulk reconstruction and creating a no man's island behind the horizon.

Modular quantization and black holes

hep-th · 2026-06-10 · unverdicted · novelty 5.0

Modular quantization of a single holographic CFT reproduces exact Hartle-Hawking correlators of smooth BTZ black holes in the semiclassical limit while yielding non-smooth stretched-horizon descriptions at finite GN.

citing papers explorer

Showing 11 of 11 citing papers.

  • Twirled Perfect Tensor Networks: Computationally covariant holographic tensor networks hep-th · 2026-05-22 · unverdicted · none · ref 17 · 2 links · internal anchor

    Twirled perfect tensor networks achieve computational covariance, bound complexity by the PLC, and obey a lattice Ryu-Takayanagi formula for arbitrary boundary subregions.

  • The entropy of bulk quantum fields and the entanglement wedge of an evaporating black hole hep-th · 2019-05-21 · conditional · none · ref 46 · internal anchor

    In a 2d evaporating black hole model, large boosts create O(1/G_N) gradients in bulk entropy that move the quantum extremal surface, causing the generalized entropy to follow unitary expectations with information disappearing after a scrambling time and a phase transition at the Page time.

  • Structural Obstruction to Replica Symmetry Breaking for Multi-Entropy in Random Tensor Networks hep-th · 2026-04-14 · unverdicted · none · ref 18

    Multi-entropy exhibits a structural obstruction to replica symmetry breaking in random tensor networks due to incompatible boundary permutations in the replica hypercube, unlike entanglement negativity.

  • Holographic Tensor Networks as Tessellations of Geometry hep-th · 2025-12-22 · unverdicted · none · ref 27 · internal anchor

    Holographic tensor networks constructed from PEE-thread tessellations of AdS geometry reproduce the exact Ryu-Takayanagi formula in factorized EPR, perfect-tensor, and random variants.

  • Modular Witten Diagrams and Quantum Extremality hep-th · 2025-12-12 · unverdicted · none · ref 9 · internal anchor

    Modular Witten diagrams reproduce the O(λ² G_N) correction to holographic entanglement entropy, matching the canonical energy term in the quantum Ryu-Takayanagi formula with wedge shape deformation.

  • Single-Sided Black Holes in Double-Scaled SYK Model and No Man's Island hep-th · 2025-11-03 · unverdicted · none · ref 77 · internal anchor

    In the double-scaled SYK model with an end-of-the-world brane, the boundary algebra for a single-sided black hole is a type II1 von Neumann factor with non-trivial commutant, preventing full bulk reconstruction and creating a no man's island behind the horizon.

  • Entanglement spreading and emergent locality in Brownian SYK chains hep-th · 2025-07-31 · unverdicted · none · ref 7 · internal anchor

    In a Brownian SYK chain at strong coupling, information from an injected qudit spreads inside a sharp light-cone at the butterfly velocity because the governing dynamics reduce to FKPP domain walls.

  • A Semiclassical Diagnostic for Spacetime Emergence hep-th · 2026-05-07 · unverdicted · none · ref 2

    Evanescent quantum extremal surfaces, bounded in area but not generalized entropy, diagnose failures of spacetime emergence in holography.

  • Modular quantization and black holes hep-th · 2026-06-10 · unverdicted · none · ref 138 · internal anchor

    Modular quantization of a single holographic CFT reproduces exact Hartle-Hawking correlators of smooth BTZ black holes in the semiclassical limit while yielding non-smooth stretched-horizon descriptions at finite GN.

  • Semiclassical algebraic reconstruction for type III algebras hep-th · 2026-05-13 · unverdicted · none · ref 47 · internal anchor

    Semiclassical crossed product constructions extend the algebraic reconstruction theorem to type III algebras and yield an algebraic Ryu-Takayanagi formula for holographic duality.

  • Rethinking quantum information in gravity and fields hep-th · 2026-06-29 · unverdicted · none · ref 227 · internal anchor

    The paper organizes important open questions in quantum gravity and quantum information into four themes without presenting new results or derivations.