The first gravitational-wave signal from a binary neutron star inspiral was detected with SNR 32.4, component masses 1.17-1.60 solar masses, localized to 28 deg² at 40 Mpc, and associated with GRB 170817A providing the first direct evidence linking such mergers to short gamma-ray bursts.
Nättilä, M
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abstract
Observations of thermonuclear X-ray bursts from accreting neutron stars (NSs) in low-mass X-ray binary systems can be used to constrain NS masses and radii. Most previous work of this type has set these constraints using Planck function fits as a proxy: both the models and the data are fit with diluted blackbody functions to yield normalizations and temperatures which are then compared against each other. Here, for the first time, we fit atmosphere models of X-ray bursting NSs directly to the observed spectra. We present a hierarchical Bayesian fitting framework that uses state-of-the-art X-ray bursting NS atmosphere models with realistic opacities and relativistic exact Compton scattering kernels as a model for the surface emission. We test our approach against synthetic data, and find that for data that are well-described by our model we can obtain robust radius, mass, distance, and composition measurements. We then apply our technique to Rossi X-ray Timing Explorer observations of five hard-state X-ray bursts from 4U 1702-429. Our joint fit to all five bursts shows that the theoretical atmosphere models describe the data well but there are still some unmodeled features in the spectrum corresponding to a relative error of 1-5% of the energy flux. After marginalizing over this intrinsic scatter, we find that at 68% credibility the circumferential radius of the NS in 4U 1702-429 is R = 12.4+-0.4 km, the gravitational mass is M=1.9+-0.3 Msun, the distance is 5.1 < D/kpc < 6.2, and the hydrogen mass fraction is X < 0.09.
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Joint NICER+IXPE pulse-profile modeling of SRGA J144459.2-604207 favors large neutron-star mass and radius with two independent hotspots but shows strong sensitivity to joint-analysis methodology.
Holographic model of massive deconfined quarks yields a stiff enough equation of state to allow stable 2-solar-mass hybrid stars with quark cores for certain nuclear phases.
Significant X-ray flux blocking in 4U 1746-37 allows the neutron star to have canonical mass and radius values of 1.59 solar masses and 13 km or 2.12 solar masses and 9.8 km.
citing papers explorer
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GW170817: Observation of Gravitational Waves from a Binary Neutron Star Inspiral
The first gravitational-wave signal from a binary neutron star inspiral was detected with SNR 32.4, component masses 1.17-1.60 solar masses, localized to 28 deg² at 40 Mpc, and associated with GRB 170817A providing the first direct evidence linking such mergers to short gamma-ray bursts.
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Pulse profile modelling of the 2024 outburst of the accreting millisecond pulsar SRGA J144459.2-604207
Joint NICER+IXPE pulse-profile modeling of SRGA J144459.2-604207 favors large neutron-star mass and radius with two independent hotspots but shows strong sensitivity to joint-analysis methodology.
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Properties of Stable Massive Quark Stars in Holography
Holographic model of massive deconfined quarks yields a stiff enough equation of state to allow stable 2-solar-mass hybrid stars with quark cores for certain nuclear phases.
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The compact neutron star in 4U 1746-37 revisited: Reassessing the mass and radius
Significant X-ray flux blocking in 4U 1746-37 allows the neutron star to have canonical mass and radius values of 1.59 solar masses and 13 km or 2.12 solar masses and 9.8 km.