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Exact solution to the averaging problem in cosmology

3 Pith papers cite this work. Polarity classification is still indexing.

3 Pith papers citing it
abstract

The exact solution of a two-scale Buchert average of the Einstein equations is derived for an inhomogeneous universe which represents a close approximation to the observed universe. The two scales represent voids, and the bubble walls surrounding them within which clusters of galaxies are located. As described elsewhere [gr-qc/0702082], apparent cosmic acceleration can be recognised as a consequence of quasilocal gravitational energy gradients between observers in bound systems and the volume average position in freely expanding space. With this interpretation, the new solution presented here replaces the Friedmann solutions, in representing the average evolution of a matter-dominated universe without exotic dark energy, while being observationally viable.

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astro-ph.CO 3

years

2026 3

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UNVERDICTED 3

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representative citing papers

Mapping the Universe as a Bianchi I cosmology with Gaia data

astro-ph.CO · 2026-05-28 · unverdicted · novelty 5.0

Gaia quasar proper motions show a significant quadrupole signal matching an axisymmetric Bianchi I anisotropy model, but the amplitude does not increase with redshift as the model requires and the inferred local shear exceeds expectations.

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Showing 3 of 3 citing papers after filters.

  • Impact of inhomogeneous curvature on growth rate measurements from magnitude fluctuations astro-ph.CO · 2026-06-16 · unverdicted · none · ref 139 · internal anchor

    Full-GR simulations find that inhomogeneous curvature produces only sub-dominant systematic offsets in growth-rate measurements from magnitude fluctuations at z ≲ 0.2 relative to current statistical errors.

  • Bounding the Effect of HOD Assumptions on Small-Scale Clustering Constraints astro-ph.CO · 2026-06-10 · unverdicted · none · ref 50 · internal anchor

    The fraction of AbacusSummit cosmologies excluded at 3σ by small-scale clustering multipoles drops from 81% to 25% when moving from fixed HOD parameters to broad marginalization over the five-parameter HOD model.

  • Mapping the Universe as a Bianchi I cosmology with Gaia data astro-ph.CO · 2026-05-28 · unverdicted · none · ref 74 · internal anchor

    Gaia quasar proper motions show a significant quadrupole signal matching an axisymmetric Bianchi I anisotropy model, but the amplitude does not increase with redshift as the model requires and the inferred local shear exceeds expectations.