For every δ < 3/2 the ⊆-minimal minor-closed classes with density >δ form a finite explicitly identified set, yielding a 2^poly(n)-time algorithm that computes δ(excl(Z)) or reports ≥3/2 for any finite forbidden-minor set Z.
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GNTC satisfiability is 2-EXPTIME-complete and GNTC model checking is P^{NP[O(log^2 n)]}-complete, settling open bounds for UNTC and UNFO^reg.
Verifies stronger coarse balanced separator conjecture for all r in K_{t,t}-induced-minor-free graphs of bounded clique number via a polynomial-size hitting set Z for large balls on any Y.
For trees the lion number satisfies pw(T) ≤ L(T) ≤ pw(T)+1; for connected graphs L(G) ≤ pw(G)+1 and the monotone lion number obeys pw(G) ≤ L^m(G) ≤ 2pw(G)+2, with monotonicity holding for isometric subgraphs but not arbitrary ones.
The paper overviews universal obstructions as a unifying framework for graph parameters, surveys existing results across many parameters, and offers some unifying classification results.
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Obstructions for Minor-Closed Classes of limiting Densities Below 3/2
For every δ < 3/2 the ⊆-minimal minor-closed classes with density >δ form a finite explicitly identified set, yielding a 2^poly(n)-time algorithm that computes δ(excl(Z)) or reports ≥3/2 for any finite forbidden-minor set Z.
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Guarded Negation Transitive Closure Logic
GNTC satisfiability is 2-EXPTIME-complete and GNTC model checking is P^{NP[O(log^2 n)]}-complete, settling open bounds for UNTC and UNFO^reg.
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Coarse Balanced Separators in Biclique-Induced-Minor-Free Graphs
Verifies stronger coarse balanced separator conjecture for all r in K_{t,t}-induced-minor-free graphs of bounded clique number via a polynomial-size hitting set Z for large balls on any Y.
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Lions and Contamination: Trees and General Graphs
For trees the lion number satisfies pw(T) ≤ L(T) ≤ pw(T)+1; for connected graphs L(G) ≤ pw(G)+1 and the monotone lion number obeys pw(G) ≤ L^m(G) ≤ 2pw(G)+2, with monotonicity holding for isometric subgraphs but not arbitrary ones.
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An Overview of Universal Obstructions for Graph Parameters
The paper overviews universal obstructions as a unifying framework for graph parameters, surveys existing results across many parameters, and offers some unifying classification results.