Quintessence potential decreases monotonically with redshift while kinetic energy crosses zero near z=1, with negative values at intermediate redshifts being statistical artifacts from derivative reconstruction.
Model-Independent Reconstruction of Quintessence Potential and Kinetic Energy from DESI DR2 and Pantheon+ Supernovae
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abstract
We present a model-independent reconstruction of the quintessence scalar field's dynamics-both its potential and kinetic energy-directly from the latest cosmological observations. Our analysis combines DESI DR2 baryon acoustic oscillation measurements with the Pantheon plus Type Ia supernova compilation, employing Gaussian process with four distinct covariance kernels to avoid theoretical priors on the potential's functional form. Key findings reveal a monotonically decreasing potential with redshift, consistent with thawing quintessence, and a kinetic energy that crosses zero near $z\sim 1$, marking the dark energy-matter equality epoch. Notably, while apparent negative kinetic energy values emerge at intermediate redshifts (0.5<z<1.0), these are statistical artifacts within uncertainties, arising from error amplification in derivative reconstruction rather than new physics. Our results demonstrate the power of non-parametric methods to constrain dynamical dark energy and show minimal dependence on the choice of cosmological priors, whether from local (SH0ES) or early-universe (Planck) measurements.
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Planck PR4 CMB data mildly favors dynamical dark energy, but this preference weakens when accounting for possible excess smoothing, indicating the signal may partly arise from data processing issues.
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citing papers explorer
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Model-Independent Reconstruction of Quintessence Potential and Kinetic Energy from DESI DR2 and Pantheon+ Supernovae
Quintessence potential decreases monotonically with redshift while kinetic energy crosses zero near z=1, with negative values at intermediate redshifts being statistical artifacts from derivative reconstruction.
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Is the $w_0w_a$CDM cosmological parameterization evidence for dark energy dynamics partially caused by the excess smoothing of Planck PR4 CMB anisotropy data?
Planck PR4 CMB data mildly favors dynamical dark energy, but this preference weakens when accounting for possible excess smoothing, indicating the signal may partly arise from data processing issues.
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Dark Energy After DESI DR2: Observational Status, Reconstructions, and Physical Models
DESI DR2 data reveals a mild mismatch for flat LambdaCDM in CMB-calibrated fits, with evolving dark energy models like CPL improving the fit in a dataset-dependent manner sensitive to supernova calibration residuals at the 0.01-0.02 mag level.
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