Authors synthesize SVD-based reduced-order models from wave-optics simulations to provide an effective stochastic description of stellar microlensing distortions on lensed gravitational waves.
Please repeat: Strong lensing of gravitational waves as a probe of compact binary and galaxy populations
6 Pith papers cite this work, alongside 87 external citations. Polarity classification is still indexing.
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abstract
Strong gravitational lensing of gravitational wave sources offers a novel probe of both the lens galaxy and the binary source population. In particular, the strong lensing event rate and the time delay distribution of multiply-imaged gravitational-wave binary coalescence events can be used to constrain the mass distribution of the lenses as well as the intrinsic properties of the source population. We calculate the strong lensing event rate for a range of second (2G) and third generation (3G) detectors, including Advanced LIGO/Virgo, A+, Einstein Telescope (ET), and Cosmic Explorer (CE). For 3G detectors, we find that {$\sim0.1\%$} of observed events are expected to be strongly lensed. We predict detections of {$\sim 1$} lensing pair per year with A+, and {$\sim 50$} pairs {per year} with ET/CE. These rates are highly sensitive to the characteristic galaxy velocity dispersion, $\sigma_*$, implying that observations of the rates will be a sensitive probe of lens properties. We explore using the time delay distribution between multiply-imaged gravitational-wave sources to constrain properties of the lenses. We find that 3G detectors would constrain $\sigma_*$ to {$\sim21\%$ after 5 years}. Finally, we show that the presence or absence of strong lensing {within the detected population} provides useful insights into the source redshift and mass distribution out to redshifts beyond the peak of the star formation rate, which can be used to constrain formation channels and their relation to the star formation rate and delay time distributions for these systems.
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A cross-correlation search of ~11,000 event pairs in GWTC-4 including sub-threshold candidates finds no lensed GW pairs above 3σ, setting an upper bound of ≤1.5/yr on the lensing rate.
A two-step Bayesian reweighting scheme using Euclid galaxy locations boosts the Bayes factor for true lensed GW pairs by a factor of about 10 while lowering it for unlensed coincidences.
Neural spline flows perform fast posterior inference on 11-dimensional millilensed GW parameters with accuracy comparable to dynesty for most quantities and a 3-day to 0.8-second speedup.
Future CE+ET detectors may detect lensed BNS kilonovae at ~0.5/yr via pointed follow-up of known galaxy lenses, while lensed sGRBs and afterglows remain rare or undetectable with current-generation facilities.
The paper reviews cosmological tensions including the H0 and S8 discrepancies and explores new physics models that could explain them.
citing papers explorer
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Effective description of lensed gravitational waves diffracted by stellar fields
Authors synthesize SVD-based reduced-order models from wave-optics simulations to provide an effective stochastic description of stellar microlensing distortions on lensed gravitational waves.
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Model-Independent Search Discards Faint Lensed-Pairs of Gravitational Wave Events in the Sub-Threshold Candidates of GWTC-4
A cross-correlation search of ~11,000 event pairs in GWTC-4 including sub-threshold candidates finds no lensed GW pairs above 3σ, setting an upper bound of ≤1.5/yr on the lensing rate.
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Improved Identification of Strongly Lensed Gravitational Waves with Host Galaxy Locations
A two-step Bayesian reweighting scheme using Euclid galaxy locations boosts the Bayes factor for true lensed GW pairs by a factor of about 10 while lowering it for unlensed coincidences.
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Parameter inference of millilensed gravitational waves using neural spline flows
Neural spline flows perform fast posterior inference on 11-dimensional millilensed GW parameters with accuracy comparable to dynesty for most quantities and a 3-day to 0.8-second speedup.
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Prospect for Detection of Strongly Lensed Multi-messenger Signals of Binary Neutron Star Mergers
Future CE+ET detectors may detect lensed BNS kilonovae at ~0.5/yr via pointed follow-up of known galaxy lenses, while lensed sGRBs and afterglows remain rare or undetectable with current-generation facilities.
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Cosmology Intertwined: A Review of the Particle Physics, Astrophysics, and Cosmology Associated with the Cosmological Tensions and Anomalies
The paper reviews cosmological tensions including the H0 and S8 discrepancies and explores new physics models that could explain them.