Mu-tau interchange symmetry in the lepton mixing matrix leads to a potential divergence when tracing individual muon and tau neutrino fractions from astrophysical sources, so that only their sum plus the electron fraction can be extracted in the exact symmetry limit.
Inferring the flavor of high-energy astrophysical neutrinos at their sources
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abstract
The sources and production mechanisms of high-energy astrophysical neutrinos are largely unknown. A promising opportunity for progress lies in the study of neutrino flavor composition, i.e., the proportion of each flavor in the flux of neutrinos, which reflects the physical conditions at the sources. To seize it, we introduce a Bayesian method that infers the flavor composition at the neutrino sources based on the flavor composition measured at Earth. We find that present data from the IceCube neutrino telescope favor neutrino production via the decay of high-energy pions and rule out production via the decay of neutrons. In the future, improved measurements of flavor composition and mixing parameters may single out the production mechanism with high significance.
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High-energy astrophysical neutrinos can constrain the running of neutrino mixing parameters with energy, with future multi-detector setups forecast to set strong bounds despite astrophysical uncertainties.
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Potential divergence in tracing $\mu$ and $\tau$ flavors of astrophysical neutrinos
Mu-tau interchange symmetry in the lepton mixing matrix leads to a potential divergence when tracing individual muon and tau neutrino fractions from astrophysical sources, so that only their sum plus the electron fraction can be extracted in the exact symmetry limit.
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Particle Astrophysics with High and Ultrahigh Energy Neutrinos
Recent high and ultrahigh energy neutrino detections open a new observational window to the universe by revealing sources and processes inaccessible via photons.