Ultra-relativistic black hole flybys can radiate over 65% of their energy in gravitational waves via irregular waveforms caused by radiation trapping and lensing, without coalescence.
High-velocity collision of two black holes
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abstract
We study nonaxisymmetric collision of two black holes (BHs) with a high velocity $v=|dx^i/dx^0|=0.6$--$0.9c$ at infinity, where $x^{\mu}$ denotes four-dimensional coordinates. We prepare two boosted BHs for the initial condition which is different from that computed by a simple moving-puncture approach. By extrapolation of the numerical results, we find that the impact parameter has to be smaller that $\approx 2.5GM_0/c^2$ for formation of a BH in the collision for $v \to c$, where $M_0 c^2$ is the initial total ADM mass energy of the system. For the critical value of the impact parameter, 20--30% of mass energy and 60--70% of angular momentum are dissipated by gravitational radiation for $v=0.6$--$0.9c$.
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gr-qc 5representative citing papers
Numerical relativity in the decoupling limit reveals dynamical scalarization and spin-induced (de)scalarization during hyperbolic black hole encounters for both signs of the coupling.
A one-body conformal-factor correction stabilizes boson star-black hole initial data, enabling gravitational-wave analysis that shows higher multipoles can discriminate mixed mergers from pure black-hole binaries.
An analytic model with no free parameters predicts 13.8% of initial energy radiated as gravitational waves for light-speed head-on equal-mass black hole collisions.
citing papers explorer
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Trapping, Irregular Waveforms, and Efficient Radiation in Ultra-relativistic Black Hole Encounters
Ultra-relativistic black hole flybys can radiate over 65% of their energy in gravitational waves via irregular waveforms caused by radiation trapping and lensing, without coalescence.
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Scalarization and descalarization in hyperbolic encounters of black holes
Numerical relativity in the decoupling limit reveals dynamical scalarization and spin-induced (de)scalarization during hyperbolic black hole encounters for both signs of the coupling.
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Boson star-black hole binaries: initial data and head-on collisions
A one-body conformal-factor correction stabilizes boson star-black hole initial data, enabling gravitational-wave analysis that shows higher multipoles can discriminate mixed mergers from pure black-hole binaries.
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Gravitational Wave Energy Emitted in the Head-On Collision of Two Black Holes
An analytic model with no free parameters predicts 13.8% of initial energy radiated as gravitational waves for light-speed head-on equal-mass black hole collisions.
- Spin-up and mass-gain in hyperbolic encounters of spinning black holes