Higher-order perturbative calculations find destructive signal-background interference in gg to H to gamma gamma and Z gamma, lowering the resonant production rate by approximately 1.6% and 3%.
Signal-background interference effects for $gg \to H \to W^+ W^-$ beyond leading order
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abstract
We study the effect of QCD corrections to the $gg\to H\to W^+ W^-$ signal-background interference at the LHC for a heavy Higgs boson. We construct a soft-collinear approximation to the NLO and NNLO corrections for the background process, which is exactly known only at LO. We estimate its accuracy by constructing and comparing the same approximation to the exact result for the signal process, which is known up to NNLO, and we conclude that we can describe the signal-background interference to better than ten percent accuracy. We show that our result implies that, in practice, a fairly good approximation to higher-order QCD corrections to the interference may also be obtained by rescaling the known LO result by a K-factor computed using the signal process.
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2026 2representative citing papers
No significant excess observed in CMS four-lepton data; 95% CL upper limits set on heavy scalar resonance production cross section times BR(ZZ) ranging 0.05-0.1 pb at low mass to 0 pb at high mass.
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Search for a new heavy scalar resonance decaying to a pair of Z bosons in the four-lepton final state in proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s}$ = 13 TeV
No significant excess observed in CMS four-lepton data; 95% CL upper limits set on heavy scalar resonance production cross section times BR(ZZ) ranging 0.05-0.1 pb at low mass to 0 pb at high mass.