A neural network trained on 2D SU(2) lattices with inserted thin Z2 vortices, after random gauge transformations, noise, and cooling, can locate center vortices at moderate visibility levels and scales via tiling.
On the relevance of center vortices to QCD
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abstract
In a numerical experiment, we remove center vortices from an ensemble of lattice SU(2) gauge configurations. This removal adds short-range disorder. Nevertheless, we observe long-range order in the modified ensemble: confinement is lost and chiral symmetry is restored (together with trivial topology), proving that center vortices are responsible for both phenomena. As for the Abelian monopoles, they survive but their percolation properties are lost.
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First steps towards gauge-independent vortex identification through machine learning
A neural network trained on 2D SU(2) lattices with inserted thin Z2 vortices, after random gauge transformations, noise, and cooling, can locate center vortices at moderate visibility levels and scales via tiling.