CRIRES+ spectra of 30 RGB stars in Liller 1 reveal multi-metallicity sub-populations with abundance trends matching the bulge field and Terzan 5, indicating in-situ formation rather than globular-cluster origin.
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2026 4representative citing papers
Asteroseismic modeling of RY Leporis gives a mass of ~2 solar masses and age of ~730 Myr, locating it in the post-main-sequence hydrogen shell-burning stage with consistent metallicity.
A one-zone model shows that observed [Y/Eu] and [Sr/Eu] trends require a prompt first-peak channel, delayed BNS mergers dominating Eu, and delayed AGB s-process with t_min > 0.3 Gyr.
Lower BNS merger rates from GWTC-4 data produce tensions of factors 3.6-18 with SGRB rates, 0.9-4.1 with r-process rates, and 2.3-5.1 with Galactic DNS rates.
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CRIRES+ reveals the chemistry of the stellar sub-populations in the bulge fossil fragment Liller 1
CRIRES+ spectra of 30 RGB stars in Liller 1 reveal multi-metallicity sub-populations with abundance trends matching the bulge field and Terzan 5, indicating in-situ formation rather than globular-cluster origin.