Changing the initial state to Q(H)|K0⟩ is exactly a Christoffel reweighting of the spectral measure by |Q|²; Krylov complexity then transfers from the reference problem through finite-band connectors and finite-rank kernel projections, with closed forms in Charlier, Krawtchouk and Chebyshev chains.
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A Universal Operator Growth Hypothesis
Mixed citation behavior. Most common role is background (67%).
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abstract
We present a hypothesis for the universal properties of operators evolving under Hamiltonian dynamics in many-body systems. The hypothesis states that successive Lanczos coefficients in the continued fraction expansion of the Green's functions grow linearly with rate $\alpha$ in generic systems, with an extra logarithmic correction in 1d. The rate $\alpha$ --- an experimental observable --- governs the exponential growth of operator complexity in a sense we make precise. This exponential growth even prevails beyond semiclassical or large-$N$ limits. Moreover, $\alpha$ upper bounds a large class of operator complexity measures, including the out-of-time-order correlator. As a result, we obtain a sharp bound on Lyapunov exponents $\lambda_L \leq 2 \alpha$, which complements and improves the known universal low-temperature bound $\lambda_L \leq 2 \pi T$. We illustrate our results in paradigmatic examples such as non-integrable spin chains, the Sachdev-Ye-Kitaev model, and classical models. Finally we use the hypothesis in conjunction with the recursion method to develop a technique for computing diffusion constants.
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representative citing papers
Defines tripartite complexity and complexity gap for three-subsystem states and reports that the gap has definite sign across holographic CV, Fisher-Rao, and Krylov measures, suggesting it as a building block for complexity inequalities.
Mini-boson stars in AdS spacetime are proposed as holographic realizations of quantum scars, exhibiting chaotic spectra with integrable subsectors, anomalously low entanglement, and robust Krylov complexity revivals.
In open quantum systems, environmental coupling turns deterministic Krylov phase-space trajectories into stochastic ones by adding diffusion, destroying the hyperbolic mechanism for exponential complexity growth beyond a controlled scale.
Holographic Krylov complexity for charged composite and extended probes retains universal leading large-time growth but acquires structure-dependent subleading corrections.
LogK complexity via replicas distinguishes genuine scrambling from saddle effects in quantum and classical systems and refines the measure for integrable cases.
A Pauli-transfer-matrix analysis of QELMs reveals the full set of nonlinear Pauli features generated by encoding and transformed by quantum channels, producing an interpretable classical nonlinear vector autoregression model that approximates flow maps in dynamical systems.
In the continuum limit the discrete Krylov chain becomes a Klein-Gordon field in AdS2, with Lanczos growth rate α identified as πT, recovering the maximal chaos bound and requiring the Breitenlohner-Freedman bound for consistency.
The large-N SYK thermal two-point function exhibits complex-time singularities—an effective-temperature pole and a subleading bouncing-geodesic-like singularity—that persist from infinite to zero temperature.
Wigner negativity in Krylov space stays O(1) or grows as t^{1/2} (without Hilbert-space scaling) in 2d CFTs, one-cut matrix models, and double-scaled SYK, indicating emergent semiclassicality.
Orbifolds of N=4 SYM produce SCFTs whose dilatation operator in a subsector is realized by a tunable spin chain whose eigenvalue statistics exhibit chaos for specific marginal couplings.
Finite-temperature quasinormal modes in SYK connect infinite-T Christmas-tree spectra to JT gravity and show monotonic relaxation-rate growth only at strong coupling.
Five-loop perturbative computation of DSSYK Krylov complexity equaling wormhole length in sine-dilaton gravity, with cumulants and all-order large-time resummation.
Photon rings around black holes saturate the quantum chaos bound via Lyapunov exponents of null geodesics and OTOCs in the near-ring region.
Krylov complexity's Taylor coefficients recursively determine all Lanczos coefficients, making it a complete descriptor of operator dynamics, with caveats for spread complexity.
SYK disorder is shown to be an approximate unitary k-design for poly(N) k; under the planted-SYK hardness conjecture this yields gravitationally pseudorandom unitaries, implying cryptographic censorship in JT gravity with the regularized maximal geodesic length as distinguisher.
Exact Krylov correlators in sl(2,R) models are proportional to radial momenta in BTZ black holes, extending the complexity-momentum correspondence to include fluctuations.
Generalized Krylov complexity predicts the minimum time to realize target operations in analog quantum simulators such as Rydberg atom arrays.
Brick-wall spectra in de Sitter space show long-range chaotic signatures via spectral form factor and Krylov complexity even when conventional level repulsion is absent.
In holographic 6d N=(1,0) SCFTs, generalized proper momentum of infalling particles grows linearly at late times, with early dynamics modified by SU(2)_R charge and quiver spreading.
Algebraic entanglement entropy from type II1 algebras in double-scaled SYK is matched via triple-scaling limits to Ryu-Takayanagi areas in (A)dS2, reproducing Bekenstein-Hawking and Gibbons-Hawking formulas for specific regions while depending on Krylov complexity of the Hartle-Hawking state.
Establishes a threefold duality linking Krylov complexity growth rate to wormhole velocity and proper momentum in DSSYK holography, with higher moments capturing replica wormholes and Krylov entropy equaling parent-geometry von Neumann entropy after tracing baby universes.
Spectral functions of SYK, p-spin, and SU(M) Heisenberg models show exponential tails in spin-glass phases and quasiparticle families in spin-liquid phases, with a proof that exponential decay blocks detection of bulk causal structure.
Protected and few-body sectors in N=4 SYM exhibit integrable Krylov dynamics with a_n=2Mg and b_n→Mg, insufficient for testing gravitational universality of complexity growth; a finite-density program is proposed to test dependence only on coarse thermodynamic data.
citing papers explorer
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Holographic Krylov Complexity for Charged, Composite and Extended Probes
Holographic Krylov complexity for charged composite and extended probes retains universal leading large-time growth but acquires structure-dependent subleading corrections.
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Bridging Krylov Complexity and Universal Analog Quantum Simulator
Generalized Krylov complexity predicts the minimum time to realize target operations in analog quantum simulators such as Rydberg atom arrays.
- q-Askey Deformations of Double-Scaled SYK