A new gravitational wave event reveals a binary black hole merger with total mass 190-265 solar masses, indicating black holes can form via gravitational-wave driven mergers beyond standard stellar channels.
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3D GRMHD collapsar simulations initialized with toroidal fields demonstrate that an accretion-disk dynamo generates poloidal fields and launches variable, wobbling jets with LGRB-comparable power.
Reversible-jump MCMC analysis of LIGO binary black hole mergers identifies three subpopulations with distinct properties and independent redshift evolution.
The Targeted Detectability Range (TDR) incorporates sky localization, inclination constraints, and mass bounds from external messengers to evaluate gravitational-wave detectability for gamma-ray bursts observed during LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA's first three runs.
Hierarchical Bayesian analysis of GWTC-5.0 data identifies a mass transition at 15.2 solar masses separating distinct effective-spin distributions, pointing to different formation channels for low-mass binary black holes.
Models BBH spin-orbit alignment as random walk on sphere, deriving exact distribution after n encounters and showing alignment survives several strong encounters before isotropy.
Mixture model analysis of LIGO data identifies a ~10% high-spin subpopulation with a1 ≈ 0.9 matching AGN accretion predictions, disfavoring hierarchical mergers at a1 ≈ 0.7 for that group.
Mass-ratio reversal in isolated binaries offers a viable formation path for GW241011-like events under specific stellar-evolution and interaction conditions.
Stable mass transfer produces two distinct peaks in merging binary black hole primary mass and mass ratio distributions via mass ratio reversal under conservative mass transfer.
BBH-Genesis applied to GWTC-4 finds strongest support for a two-channel model of binary black hole populations with possible mild evidence for an AGN-related third channel.
A stripped-star-motivated five-component model for binary black hole populations is preferred over the LVK baseline by a log10 Bayes factor of 7.69 and attributes the observed mass features to isolated, dynamical, and hierarchical formation channels.
No evidence for core-collapse formed low-spin IMBHs in GWTC-4, with 90% upper limit on merger rate of 0.077 Gpc^{-3} yr^{-1}, low-spin BH mass truncation at 65 solar masses consistent with pair-instability gap lower edge, and high-spin IMBHs from hierarchical mergers.
N-body models of young and old dense star clusters show BBH mergers span primary masses from ~6 to >100 solar masses with a peak near 8 solar masses, reproducing the LIGO-inferred distribution, with low-mass mergers mostly from metal-rich clusters.
Simulations with a new tidal model in COMPAS predict that merging binary black holes from isolated evolution are strongly biased to low effective spins, with one third below 0.05 and only 3% above 0.5, but the high-spin fraction rises to 15% at higher redshifts.
Black hole spin constraints for Cyg X-1 from XRISM Resolve data are strongly model-dependent, ranging from a*~0.99 with relxill to a*~0 with relxillCp or reflkerrD.
No model-independent evidence for a peak in binary black hole spin tilts is found in GWTC-4; mass-spin magnitude correlation is confirmed but mass-tilt correlation is not.
A review summarizing formation-channel predictions, waveform effects, and population-level constraints on stellar-mass black hole spins from the first decade of gravitational-wave observations.
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A Stellar Role Reversal: Multiple Features in the Mass and Mass Ratio Distributions of Merging Binary Black Holes from Stable Mass Transfer
Stable mass transfer produces two distinct peaks in merging binary black hole primary mass and mass ratio distributions via mass ratio reversal under conservative mass transfer.