q-form global symmetries generalize ordinary symmetries to higher-dimensional charged objects, leading to new rules for amplitudes, gauging, breaking, and anomaly inflow in quantum field theories.
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Symmetry protected topological orders and the group cohomology of their symmetry group
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Symmetry protected topological (SPT) phases are gapped short-range-entangled quantum phases with a symmetry G. They can all be smoothly connected to the same trivial product state if we break the symmetry. The Haldane phase of spin-1 chain is the first example of SPT phase which is protected by SO(3) spin rotation symmetry. The topological insulator is another exam- ple of SPT phase which is protected by U(1) and time reversal symmetries. It has been shown that free fermion SPT phases can be systematically described by the K-theory. In this paper, we show that interacting bosonic SPT phases can be systematically described by group cohomology theory: distinct d-dimensional bosonic SPT phases with on-site symmetry G (which may contain anti-unitary time reversal symmetry) can be labeled by the elements in H^{1+d}[G, U_T(1)] - the Borel (1 + d)-group-cohomology classes of G over the G-module U_T(1). The boundary excitations of the non-trivial SPT phases are gapless or degenerate. Even more generally, we find that the different bosonic symmetry breaking short-range-entangled phases are labeled by the following three mathematical objects: (G_H, G_{\Psi}, H^{1+d}[G_{\Psi}, U_T(1)], where G_H is the symmetry group of the Hamiltonian and G_{\Psi} the symmetry group of the ground states.
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Symmetry spans enforce gaplessness when a symmetry E embedded into two larger symmetries C and D has no compatible gapped phase that restricts from both.
Twisted quantum double phases for finite groups can be realized in sign problem-free local Hamiltonians via stochastic series expansion, contrary to the prior belief that non-positive wavefunctions imply an intrinsic sign problem.
A concrete lattice model realizing a type-IV mixed anomaly yields emergent higher-categorical symmetries upon gauging, and the same framework applied to Lieb-Schultz-Mattis systems produces modulated symmetries whose realization is intrinsically defect-dependent.
A sixteen-fold family of (2+1)D fermionic topological orders is identified, characterized by the mod-16 anomaly of a Z2 one-form symmetry and constructed as gapped boundaries of 3+1D fermionic SPT phases.
Sequential circuit invariants detect non-invertible symmetry anomalies and characterize non-Abelian fermionic loops plus a new mixed topological order in (3+1)D.
A bordism computation for K(Z,3) produces two new anomaly classes for U(1) 1-form symmetries: a mixed H₃∧p₁ anomaly in 5d and a Z₂-valued uSq²u anomaly in 7d.
Develops local diagnostics for strong symmetries and strong-to-weak symmetry breaking via infinite-volume definitions and local charge coherence, introduces von Neumann symmetries, and derives an LSM-type anomaly constraint for quantum spin chains.
Statistics of G-conserved invertible mixed-dimensional excitations in d-space are classified by H^{d+2}(BG; R/Z) and realized as boundary excitations of an ω-twisted higher-group gauge theory.
BF Lagrangians for non-abelian DW theories (e.g. dihedral groups) are obtained by gauging H^(0) symmetries of abelian DW theories, with twisted cohomologies and condensation-defect operators verified by character-table linking.
The emergence of the cosmological arrow of time is identified with a confinement-deconfinement transition in a Z2 lattice gauge theory on LQG spin networks, with the deconfined phase corresponding to a CZX-type SPT phase.
Broken higher-group and non-invertible symmetries still act on the space of couplings, and their 'family anomalies' force the infrared theory to be gapless, spontaneously broken, or interrupted by a phase transition.
Automorphisms of gauge groups extend to higher or non-invertible symmetries in topological gauge theories and enable transversal non-Clifford gates in 2+1d Z_N qudit Clifford stabilizer models for N greater than or equal to 3.
Coupling frustration-free or commuting-projector Hamiltonians to bosons produces high-temperature Gibbs states that reproduce low-temperature order.
A quantum mechanical framework is given for Hilbert and defect spaces of line operators in BF+kCS TQFT, with line operator action realized by convolution kernels and matches to Verlinde and semiclassical Hopf-link data.
Anomaly inflow on monodromy defects in anomalous symmetry theories defines them as domain walls inducing topological order, yielding protected chiral edge modes and adiabatic pumping of gapless degrees of freedom, verified in chiral symmetry examples on continuum and lattice.
The paper defines self-G-ality conditions for fusion category symmetries in 1+1D systems and derives LSM-type constraints on many-body ground states along with lattice model examples.
Lecture notes explain non-invertible generalized symmetries in QFTs as topological defects arising from stacking with TQFTs and gauging diagonal symmetries, plus their action on charges and the SymTFT framework.
Lecture notes that systematically introduce higher-form symmetries, SymTFTs, higher-group symmetries, and related concepts in QFT using gauge theory examples.
citing papers explorer
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Generalized Global Symmetries
q-form global symmetries generalize ordinary symmetries to higher-dimensional charged objects, leading to new rules for amplitudes, gauging, breaking, and anomaly inflow in quantum field theories.
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Symmetry Spans and Enforced Gaplessness
Symmetry spans enforce gaplessness when a symmetry E embedded into two larger symmetries C and D has no compatible gapped phase that restricts from both.
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Twisted quantum doubles are sign problem-free
Twisted quantum double phases for finite groups can be realized in sign problem-free local Hamiltonians via stochastic series expansion, contrary to the prior belief that non-positive wavefunctions imply an intrinsic sign problem.
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Type-IV 't Hooft Anomalies on the Lattice: Emergent Higher-Categorical Symmetries and Applications to LSM Systems
A concrete lattice model realizing a type-IV mixed anomaly yields emergent higher-categorical symmetries upon gauging, and the same framework applied to Lieb-Schultz-Mattis systems produces modulated symmetries whose realization is intrinsically defect-dependent.
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Sixteen-Fold Way for Fermionic Topological Orders
A sixteen-fold family of (2+1)D fermionic topological orders is identified, characterized by the mod-16 anomaly of a Z2 one-form symmetry and constructed as gapped boundaries of 3+1D fermionic SPT phases.
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Invariants of Sequential Circuits and Generalized Non-Abelian Statistics
Sequential circuit invariants detect non-invertible symmetry anomalies and characterize non-Abelian fermionic loops plus a new mixed topological order in (3+1)D.
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On Quantum Aspects of 1-Form Symmetries II: Bordism, Invertible Phases, and Anomalies
A bordism computation for K(Z,3) produces two new anomaly classes for U(1) 1-form symmetries: a mixed H₃∧p₁ anomaly in 5d and a Z₂-valued uSq²u anomaly in 7d.
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A local description of strong symmetries and strong-to-weak symmetry breaking in quantum many-body systems
Develops local diagnostics for strong symmetries and strong-to-weak symmetry breaking via infinite-volume definitions and local charge coherence, introduces von Neumann symmetries, and derives an LSM-type anomaly constraint for quantum spin chains.
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Holographic Theory of Mixed-Dimensional Statistics and Conservation-Encoding Hopping-Operator Algebras
Statistics of G-conserved invertible mixed-dimensional excitations in d-space are classified by H^{d+2}(BG; R/Z) and realized as boundary excitations of an ω-twisted higher-group gauge theory.
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On Lagrangians of Non-abelian Dijkgraaf-Witten Theories
BF Lagrangians for non-abelian DW theories (e.g. dihedral groups) are obtained by gauging H^(0) symmetries of abelian DW theories, with twisted cohomologies and condensation-defect operators verified by character-table linking.
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Gauging Time Reversal Symmetry in Quantum Gravity: Arrow of Time from a Confinement--Deconfinement Transition
The emergence of the cosmological arrow of time is identified with a confinement-deconfinement transition in a Z2 lattice gauge theory on LQG spin networks, with the deconfined phase corresponding to a CZX-type SPT phase.
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Generalized Families of QFTs
Broken higher-group and non-invertible symmetries still act on the space of couplings, and their 'family anomalies' force the infrared theory to be gapless, spontaneously broken, or interrupted by a phase transition.
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Automorphism in Gauge Theories: Higher Symmetries and Transversal Non-Clifford Logical Gates
Automorphisms of gauge groups extend to higher or non-invertible symmetries in topological gauge theories and enable transversal non-Clifford gates in 2+1d Z_N qudit Clifford stabilizer models for N greater than or equal to 3.
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Exploring Entropic Orders: High Temperature Continuous Symmetry Breaking, Chiral Topological States and Local Commuting Projector Models
Coupling frustration-free or commuting-projector Hamiltonians to bosons produces high-temperature Gibbs states that reproduce low-temperature order.
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Hilbert Space and Defect Hilbert Spaces Associated with Categorical Symmetries
A quantum mechanical framework is given for Hilbert and defect spaces of line operators in BF+kCS TQFT, with line operator action realized by convolution kernels and matches to Verlinde and semiclassical Hopf-link data.
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When Symmetries Twist: Anomaly Inflow on Monodromy Defects
Anomaly inflow on monodromy defects in anomalous symmetry theories defines them as domain walls inducing topological order, yielding protected chiral edge modes and adiabatic pumping of gapless degrees of freedom, verified in chiral symmetry examples on continuum and lattice.
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Self-$G$-ality in 1+1 dimensions
The paper defines self-G-ality conditions for fusion category symmetries in 1+1D systems and derives LSM-type constraints on many-body ground states along with lattice model examples.
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ICTP Lectures on (Non-)Invertible Generalized Symmetries
Lecture notes explain non-invertible generalized symmetries in QFTs as topological defects arising from stacking with TQFTs and gauging diagonal symmetries, plus their action on charges and the SymTFT framework.
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Lectures on Generalized Symmetries
Lecture notes that systematically introduce higher-form symmetries, SymTFTs, higher-group symmetries, and related concepts in QFT using gauge theory examples.