Generic 2D Horndeski theories arise from dimensional reduction of d≥4 gravities, yielding a Birkhoff theorem for quasi-topological gravities where static spherically symmetric solutions satisfy g_tt g_rr = -1 and are determined algebraically.
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Dilaton Gravity in Two Dimensions
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abstract
The study of general two dimensional models of gravity allows to tackle basic questions of quantum gravity, bypassing important technical complications which make the treatment in higher dimensions difficult. As the physically important examples of spherically symmetric Black Holes, together with string inspired models, belong to this class, valuable knowledge can also be gained for these systems in the quantum case. In the last decade new insights regarding the exact quantization of the geometric part of such theories have been obtained. They allow a systematic quantum field theoretical treatment, also in interactions with matter, without explicit introduction of a specific classical background geometry. The present review tries to assemble these results in a coherent manner, putting them at the same time into the perspective of the quite large literature on this subject.
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Numerical construction of a one-parameter family of discretely self-similar critical spacetimes for massless scalar collapse in continuous D>3, giving echoing period Delta(D) and Choptuik exponent gamma(D) with a maximum in Delta near D=3.76.
The one-loop partition function for non-relativistic de Sitter gravity yields a T² prefactor consistent with four symmetry generators, and the bulk admits a torsionless Newton-Cartan geometry satisfying the non-relativistic JT equations.
One-loop quantum vacuum polarization in Einstein-scalar critical collapse generates a horizon and finite mass gap, enforcing black hole formation even under arbitrary fine-tuning.
Semiclassical one-loop analysis of solvable near-critical collapse solutions shows quantum corrections selecting a Boulware-like state and producing a growing mode that yields a finite mass gap and a transition to Type I behavior, enforcing weak cosmic censorship.
A unified framework links the generating function for static black holes satisfying g_tt g_rr=-1 in extended quasi-topological gravity to thermodynamic mass and Wald entropy via an effective 2D dilaton theory.
Semiclassical RN-dS evaporation via 2D dilaton gravity and anomaly flux yields monotonic neutral mass loss and rapid discharge, making classical equilibrium loci non-attractors and leading to empty de Sitter space.
Nucleated black holes in de Sitter space evaporate via standard Hawking radiation back to the empty vacuum, rendering nucleation a temporary fluctuation.
EHT observations of Sgr A* constrain deviations from GR black hole solutions including regular BHs, string-inspired spacetimes, and BH mimickers, with some limits exceeding cosmological bounds.
The paper summarizes BV formalism using Q- and QP-manifolds and constructs BV action functionals from the geometry of Lie algebroids and Courant algebroids.
A review of the chaos-assisted holographic correspondence linking the SYK model to 2D JT gravity, including the need for string theory corrections at fine quantum scales.
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All $2D$ generalised dilaton theories from $d\geq 4$ gravities
Generic 2D Horndeski theories arise from dimensional reduction of d≥4 gravities, yielding a Birkhoff theorem for quasi-topological gravities where static spherically symmetric solutions satisfy g_tt g_rr = -1 and are determined algebraically.
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Quantum Fluctuations and Newton-Cartan Geometry for Non-Relativistic de Sitter space
The one-loop partition function for non-relativistic de Sitter gravity yields a T² prefactor consistent with four symmetry generators, and the bulk admits a torsionless Newton-Cartan geometry satisfying the non-relativistic JT equations.
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The fate of Reissner--Nordstr\"om--de Sitter black holes: nonequilibrium discharge and evaporation
Semiclassical RN-dS evaporation via 2D dilaton gravity and anomaly flux yields monotonic neutral mass loss and rapid discharge, making classical equilibrium loci non-attractors and leading to empty de Sitter space.
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The Fate of Nucleated Black Holes in de Sitter Quantum Gravity
Nucleated black holes in de Sitter space evaporate via standard Hawking radiation back to the empty vacuum, rendering nucleation a temporary fluctuation.