JWST mid-IR observations of interstellar comet 3I/ATLAS yield the first direct methane detection and confirm strongly enhanced CO2:H2O mixing ratios relative to solar system comets.
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JWST data revises Kamo`oalewa's spectrum to neutral colors consistent with enstatite-rich silicates, models its size at 18 m and albedo at 0.59, and confirms fast rotation.
457P shows dust activity without detectable H2O, CO, CO2, or CH3OH, with Q(H2O) < 2e24 molecules/s, indicating it may be more volatile-depleted than other main-belt comets.
New Gemini and JWST data show 450P/LONEOS has a 1.8 km nucleus, CO2 gas production of ~7e24 molec/s, water ice absorption, and activity consistent with CO2 release from crystallizing amorphous ice.
POSEIDON now includes lab-derived rocky surface albedos, enabling JWST emission spectra to separate thin versus thick atmospheres and potentially identify granite-like versus basaltic surfaces.
JWST observations yield upper limits on CH4 and CO partial pressures in 2002 XV93 of (3-10)×10^{-6} and (50-300)×10^{-6} nbar, well below the 100-200 nbar from occultation.
Climate states on exoplanets with the same atmospheric composition create different reflectance spectra, changing the detectability of atmospheric features and biosignatures, with seasonal variations on high-obliquity worlds adding time-dependent signals.
JWST observations of 133P/Elst-Pizarro yield water outgassing rates of (1.9 ± 0.6) × 10^25 and (1.4 ± 0.4) × 10^25 molecules/s at true anomalies 8° and 37.4°, with hypervolatile depletion Q(CO2)/Q(H2O) < 0.009 and an average log(Afrho/Q(H2O)) = -24.6 ± 0.2 across three MBCs.
Simulations show LIFE could use 25-80 m baselines or discrete values with under 10% loss in planet yield and fringe tracking.
Mars provides a real-world case study of processes like volatile loss, climate evolution, and magnetism that determine habitability on small rocky planets at the edge of habitable conditions.
A descriptive overview of the atmospheric structure, chemistry, and dynamics of the four giant planets in the Solar System.
citing papers explorer
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The Volatile Inventory of 3I/ATLAS as seen with JWST/MIRI
JWST mid-IR observations of interstellar comet 3I/ATLAS yield the first direct methane detection and confirm strongly enhanced CO2:H2O mixing ratios relative to solar system comets.
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JWST Characterization of Earth Quasi-Satellite (469219) Kamo`oalewa
JWST data revises Kamo`oalewa's spectrum to neutral colors consistent with enstatite-rich silicates, models its size at 18 m and albedo at 0.59, and confirms fast rotation.
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Emerging Diversity Among the Main-Belt Comets: Insights from JWST and Ground-Based Observations of 457P/Lemmon-PANSTARRS
457P shows dust activity without detectable H2O, CO, CO2, or CH3OH, with Q(H2O) < 2e24 molecules/s, indicating it may be more volatile-depleted than other main-belt comets.
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JWST and Gemini Observations of the Active Centaur 450P/LONEOS: Nucleus and Coma Characterizations
New Gemini and JWST data show 450P/LONEOS has a 1.8 km nucleus, CO2 gas production of ~7e24 molec/s, water ice absorption, and activity consistent with CO2 release from crystallizing amorphous ice.
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The Rocky Planet Picture Show: Implementation of Surface Reflection and Emission in $\texttt{POSEIDON}$ with Application to and Interpretation of JWST Data
POSEIDON now includes lab-derived rocky surface albedos, enabling JWST emission spectra to separate thin versus thick atmospheres and potentially identify granite-like versus basaltic surfaces.
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Constraints on the Atmospheric Composition of 2002 XV$_{93}$ from JWST Spectroscopy
JWST observations yield upper limits on CH4 and CO partial pressures in 2002 XV93 of (3-10)×10^{-6} and (50-300)×10^{-6} nbar, well below the 100-200 nbar from occultation.
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Impact of Climate States and Seasons on Future Exo-Earth Observations
Climate states on exoplanets with the same atmospheric composition create different reflectance spectra, changing the detectability of atmospheric features and biosignatures, with seasonal variations on high-obliquity worlds adding time-dependent signals.
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Characterization of the Volatile Properties of 133P/Elst-Pizarro and Other Main-Belt Comets with JWST and Ground-Based Observations
JWST observations of 133P/Elst-Pizarro yield water outgassing rates of (1.9 ± 0.6) × 10^25 and (1.4 ± 0.4) × 10^25 molecules/s at true anomalies 8° and 37.4°, with hypervolatile depletion Q(CO2)/Q(H2O) < 0.009 and an average log(Afrho/Q(H2O)) = -24.6 ± 0.2 across three MBCs.
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A preliminary exploration of the effects of baseline length for the LIFE space mission
Simulations show LIFE could use 25-80 m baselines or discrete values with under 10% loss in planet yield and fringe tracking.
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Mars as an Exoplanet: Lessons from a Planet at the Edge of Habitability
Mars provides a real-world case study of processes like volatile loss, climate evolution, and magnetism that determine habitability on small rocky planets at the edge of habitable conditions.
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Giant Planet Atmospheres
A descriptive overview of the atmospheric structure, chemistry, and dynamics of the four giant planets in the Solar System.