Scalar field cosmology: its non-linear Schr\"{o}dinger-type formulation

Scalar field cosmology is a model for dark energy and inflation. It has been recently found that the standard Friedmann formulation of the scalar field cosmology can be expressed in a non-linear Schr\"{o}dinger-type equation. The new mathematical formulation is hence called non-linear Schr\"{o}dinger (NLS) formulation which is suitable for a FRLW cosmological system with non-negligible barotropic fluid density. Its major features are reviewed here.