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PACStack: an Authenticated Call Stack

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arxiv 1905.10242 v5 pith:A6T6TOR3 submitted 2019-05-24 cs.CR

PACStack: an Authenticated Call Stack

classification cs.CR
keywords shadowstackspacstackhardwarereturnsecuritystackaddresses
verification ladder T0 review T1 audit T2 compute T3 formal T4 reserved
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A popular run-time attack technique is to compromise the control-flow integrity of a program by modifying function return addresses on the stack. So far, shadow stacks have proven to be essential for comprehensively preventing return address manipulation. Shadow stacks record return addresses in integrity-protected memory secured with hardware-assistance or software access control. Software shadow stacks incur high overheads or trade off security for efficiency. Hardware-assisted shadow stacks are efficient and secure, but require the deployment of special-purpose hardware. We present authenticated call stack (ACS), an approach that uses chained message authentication codes (MACs). Our prototype, PACStack, uses the ARM general purpose hardware mechanism for pointer authentication (PA) to implement ACS. Via a rigorous security analysis, we show that PACStack achieves security comparable to hardware-assisted shadow stacks without requiring dedicated hardware. We demonstrate that PACStack's performance overhead is small (~3%).

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Cited by 1 Pith paper

Reviewed papers in the Pith corpus that reference this work. Sorted by Pith novelty score.

  1. RunPBA -- Runtime attestation for microcontrollers with PACBTI

    cs.CR 2025-12 conditional novelty 6.0

    RunPBA turns the ARM PACBTI hardware extension into a runtime attestation mechanism that detects control-flow attacks on Cortex-M chips and reports them through TF-M's attestation token.