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arxiv: 2101.05828 · v2 · pith:RT2WKOX3new · submitted 2021-01-14 · ⚛️ physics.ins-det · astro-ph.IM

Point absorbers in Advanced LIGO

Aidan F. Brooks , Gabriele Vajente , Hiro Yamamoto , Rich Abbott , Carl Adams , Rana X. Adhikari , Alena Ananyeva , Stephen Appert
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Koji Arai Joseph S. Areeda Yasmeen Asali Stuart M. Aston Corey Austin Anne M. Baer Matthew Ball Stefan W. Ballmer Sharan Banagiri David Barker Lisa Barsotti Jeffrey Bartlett Beverly K. Berger Joseph Betzwieser Dripta Bhattacharjee Garilynn Billingsley Sebastien Biscans Carl D. Blair Ryan M. Blair Nina Bode Phillip Booker Rolf Bork Alyssa Bramley Daniel D. Brown Aaron Buikema Craig Cahillane Kipp C. Cannon Huy Tuong Cao Xu Chen Alexei A. Ciobanu Filiberto Clara Camilla Compton Sam J. Cooper Kenneth R. Corley Stefan T. Countryman Pep B. Covas Dennis C. Coyne Laurence E. Datrier Derek Davis Chiara D. Difronzo Katherine L. Dooley Jenne C. Driggers Peter Dupej Sheila E. Dwyer Anamaria Effler Todd Etzel Matthew Evans Tom M. Evans Jon Feicht Alvaro Fernandez-Galiana Peter Fritschel Valery V. Frolov Paul Fulda Michael Fyffe Joe A. Giaime Dwayne D. Giardina Patrick Godwin Evan Goetz Slawomir Gras Corey Gray Rachel Gray Anna C. Green Anchal Gupta Eric K. Gustafson Dick Gustafson Evan Hall Jonathan Hanks Joe Hanson Terra Hardwick Raine K. Hasskew Matthew C. Heintze Adrian F. Helmling-Cornell Nathan A. Holland Jeff D. Jones Shivaraj Kandhasamy Sudarshan Karki Marie Kasprzack Keita Kawabe Nutsinee Kijbunchoo Peter J. King Jeffrey S. Kissel Rahul Kumar Michael Landry Benjamin B. Lane Brian Lantz Michael Laxen Yannick K. Lecoeuche Jessica Leviton Liu Jian Marc Lormand Andrew P. Lundgren Ronaldas Macas Myron Macinnis Duncan M. Macleod Georgia L. Mansell Szabolcs Marka Zsuzsanna Marka Denis V. Martynov Ken Mason Thomas J. Massinger Fabrice Matichard Nergis Mavalvala Richard McCarthy David E. McClelland Scott McCormick Lee McCuller Jessica McIver Terry McRae Gregory Mendell Kara Merfeld Edmond L. Merilh Fabian Meylahn Timesh Mistry Richard Mittleman Gerardo Moreno Conor M. Mow-Lowry Simone Mozzon Adam Mullavey Timothy J. Nelson Philippe Nguyen Laura K. Nuttall Jason Oberling Richard J. Oram Charles Osthelder David J. Ottaway Harry Overmier Jordan R. Palamos William Parker Ethan Payne Arnaud Pele Reilly Penhorwood Carlos J. Perez Marc Pirello Hugh Radkins Karla E. Ramirez Jonathan W. Richardson Keith Riles Norna A. Robertson Jameson G. Rollins Chandra L. Romel Janeen H. Romie Michael P. Ross Kyle Ryan Travis Sadecki Eduardo J. Sanchez Luis E. Sanchez Saravanan R. Tiruppatturrajamanikkam Richard L. Savage Dean Schaetzl Roman Schnabel Robert M. Schofield Eyal Schwartz Danny Sellers Thomas Shaffer Daniel Sigg Bram J. Slagmolen Joshua R. Smith Siddharth Soni Borja Sorazu Andrew P. Spencer Ken A. Strain Ling Sun Marek J. Szczepanczyk Michael Thomas Patrick Thomas Keith A. Thorne Karl Toland Calum I. Torrie Gary Traylor Maggie Tse Alexander L. Urban Guillermo Valdes Daniel C. Vander-Hyde Peter J. Veitch Krishna Venkateswara Gautam Venugopalan Aaron D. Viets Thomas Vo Cheryl Vorvick Madeline Wade Robert L. Ward Jim Warner Betsy Weaver Rainer Weiss Chris Whittle Benno Willke Christopher C. Wipf Liting Xiao Hang Yu Haocun Yu Liyuan Zhang Michael E. Zucker John Zweizig
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classification ⚛️ physics.ins-det astro-ph.IM
keywords absorbersdetectorsadvancedfutureinterferometerligopointpower
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Small, highly absorbing points are randomly present on the surfaces of the main interferometer optics in Advanced LIGO. The resulting nano-meter scale thermo-elastic deformations and substrate lenses from these micron-scale absorbers significantly reduces the sensitivity of the interferometer directly though a reduction in the power-recycling gain and indirect interactions with the feedback control system. We review the expected surface deformation from point absorbers and provide a pedagogical description of the impact on power build-up in second generation gravitational wave detectors (dual-recycled Fabry-Perot Michelson interferometers). This analysis predicts that the power-dependent reduction in interferometer performance will significantly degrade maximum stored power by up to 50% and hence, limit GW sensitivity, but suggests system wide corrections that can be implemented in current and future GW detectors. This is particularly pressing given that future GW detectors call for an order of magnitude more stored power than currently used in Advanced LIGO in Observing Run 3. We briefly review strategies to mitigate the effects of point absorbers in current and future GW wave detectors to maximize the success of these enterprises.

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