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Back To The Roots: Tree-Based Algorithms for Weakly Supervised Anomaly Detection

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arxiv 2309.13111 v1 pith:5ZEQJBJC submitted 2023-09-22 hep-ph hep-exphysics.data-an

classification hep-phhep-exphysics.data-an
keywords anomalydetectionsupervisedweaklyboosteddecisionfeaturesmethods
verification ladder T0 review T1 audit T2 compute T3 formal

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Weakly supervised methods have emerged as a powerful tool for model-agnostic anomaly detection at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). While these methods have shown remarkable performance on specific signatures such as di-jet resonances, their application in a more model-agnostic manner requires dealing with a larger number of potentially noisy input features. In this paper, we show that using boosted decision trees as classifiers in weakly supervised anomaly detection gives superior performance compared to deep neural networks. Boosted decision trees are well known for their effectiveness in tabular data analysis. Our results show that they not only offer significantly faster training and evaluation times, but they are also robust to a large number of noisy input features. By using advanced gradient boosted decision trees in combination with ensembling techniques and an extended set of features, we significantly improve the performance of weakly supervised methods for anomaly detection at the LHC. This advance is a crucial step towards a more model-agnostic search for new physics.

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Forward citations

Cited by 7 Pith papers

Reviewed papers in the Pith corpus that reference this work. Sorted by Pith novelty score. Full citation record

  1. Towards anomaly detection searches for new physics signatures including Higgs bosons with weakly supervised machine learning

    hep-ex 2026-07 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    HAXAD, a weakly supervised anomaly-detection search for Higgs-plus-X new physics, is extended with new embeddings and limit-setting, and on 470 fb^-1 of pseudo-data it matches or exceeds the best single cut-based limi...

  2. Look everywhere effects in anomaly detection

    hep-ph 2025-12 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    Weakly supervised anomaly detectors that train and test on the same data produce badly miscalibrated p-values; independent test sets are calibrated but insensitive, while k-fold cross-validation is a workable middle ground.

  3. Weakly supervised machine learning for model-agnostic searches of new phenomena in the $\gamma$-ray sky

    astro-ph.HE 2026-07 conditional novelty 5.0 of 10

    Weakly supervised classifiers trained on background-versus-mixture samples can identify anomalous gamma-ray sources without labeled signal templates, approaching supervised performance in controlled benchmarks.

  4. Optimal Transport Event Representation for Anomaly Detection

    hep-ph 2025-12 conditional novelty 5.0 of 10

    Adding a few optimal-transport-based features to standard jet observables nearly doubles anomaly-detection significance at 0.5% signal injection on LHC Olympics benchmarks.

  5. Robust resonant anomaly detection with NPLM

    hep-ex 2025-01 conditional novelty 5.0 of 10

    NPLM-based classifiers and end-to-end NPLM outperform BDT-based anomaly detection at low signal injection on the LHCO and RODEM benchmarks, with lower variance across hyperparameters.

  6. Quantum similarity learning for anomaly detection

    hep-ph 2024-11 conditional novelty 5.0 of 10

    A hybrid Transformer-quantum circuit similarity-learning network reaches AUC 96.1% on simulated di-Higgs anomaly detection, slightly above a classical baseline, with clustering mitigating shot noise.

  7. Improving the performance of weak supervision searches using data augmentation

    hep-ph 2024-11 conditional novelty 4.0 of 10

    Physics-inspired data augmentation halves the signal data requirement for CWoLa weak supervision searches, cutting the practical sensitivity threshold from roughly 6 sigma to roughly 3 sigma.

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