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arxiv: 2604.21684 · v1 · submitted 2026-04-23 · ❄️ cond-mat.supr-con · cond-mat.mtrl-sci· cond-mat.str-el

Effect of Mn Substitution on Superconductivity in PrFeAs(O,F): Role of Magnetic Impurities

Priya Singh , Konrad Kwatek , Tatiana Zajarniuk , Taras Palasyuk , Cezariusz Jastrz\k{e}bski , A. Szewczyk , Micha{\l} Wierzbicki , Shiv J. Singh This is my paper

Pith reviewed 2026-05-08 13:26 UTC · model grok-4.3

classification ❄️ cond-mat.supr-con cond-mat.mtrl-scicond-mat.str-el
keywords Mn substitutionmagnetic impuritiesPrFeAs(O,F)iron-based superconductorsFeAs layerssuperconductivity suppressiontransport measurements
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The pith

Manganese substitution at the iron site suppresses superconductivity in PrFeAs(O,F) by acting as an efficient magnetic impurity that perturbs the FeAs layers.

A machine-rendered reading of the paper's core claim, the machinery that carries it, and where it could break.

The paper examines manganese substitution for iron in the PrFeAs(O,F) superconductor to determine how it affects superconductivity. As the manganese fraction rises from zero to ten percent, the superconducting transition temperature falls steadily from 48 K down to zero, while low-temperature resistivity develops upturns that approach insulating behavior. Structural, Raman, and magnetic measurements show that manganese enters the FeAs planes, expands the lattice, and weakens key superconducting quantities such as critical current density and upper critical field. The authors conclude that this occurs because manganese functions as a magnetic impurity that disrupts the electronic and magnetic environment of the FeAs layers, and that the praseodymium-based material is somewhat more resistant to this disruption than other rare-earth variants owing to stronger electronic correlations.

Core claim

Mn substitution at the Fe site in PrFe1-xMnxAsO0.7F0.3 acts as an efficient magnetic impurity that strongly perturbs the electronic and magnetic environment of the FeAs layers. This perturbation produces a systematic decrease of the superconducting transition temperature from 48 K at x = 0 to complete suppression at x = 0.1, low-temperature resistivity upturns evolving toward insulating-like behavior, and degradation of superconducting coherence, critical current density, upper critical field, and vortex activation energy. X-ray diffraction and Raman analyses confirm preferential Mn incorporation into the FeAs planes together with lattice expansion and suppression of Fe-related vibrational 0

What carries the argument

Mn acting as magnetic impurity preferentially incorporated into the FeAs planes, perturbing their electronic and magnetic environment

Load-bearing premise

The observed suppression of superconductivity and resistivity upturns are caused primarily by the magnetic character of Mn rather than by the accompanying lattice expansion or changes in carrier density.

What would settle it

Direct comparison of Tc suppression and resistivity behavior under Mn substitution versus substitution by a non-magnetic element of comparable size and valence in the same PrFeAs(O,F) compound.

read the original abstract

We investigate Mn substitution at the Fe site in PrFe1-xMnxAsO0.7F0.3 (0 to 0.1) using structural, Raman, density functional theory (DFT), transport, and magnetic measurements. X-ray diffraction and Raman analyses confirm preferential Mn incorporation into the FeAs planes, accompanied by lattice expansion and suppression of Fe-related vibrational modes. Electrical transport reveals a systematic decrease of the superconducting transition temperature from 48 K (x = 0) to complete suppression at x = 0.1, together with low-temperature resistivity upturns evolving toward insulating-like behavior. Magnetization and magnetotransport measurements show degradation of superconducting coherence, critical current density, upper critical field, and vortex activation energy with increasing Mn content. The results demonstrate that Mn acts as an efficient magnetic impurity, strongly perturbing the electronic and magnetic environment of the FeAs layers. Comparative analysis indicates relatively enhanced robustness of superconductivity in the Pr-based system, highlighting the role of rare-earth-dependent electronic correlations in impurity effects.

Editorial analysis

A structured set of objections, weighed in public.

Desk editor's note, referee report, simulated authors' rebuttal, and a circularity audit. Tearing a paper down is the easy half of reading it; the pith above is the substance, this is the friction.

Referee Report

2 major / 3 minor

Summary. The paper examines Mn substitution at the Fe site in PrFe_{1-x}Mn_xAsO_{0.7}F_{0.3} (x = 0 to 0.1) via XRD, Raman spectroscopy, DFT calculations, electrical transport, and magnetic measurements. It reports lattice expansion with Mn incorporation, softening of Fe-related vibrational modes, a monotonic drop in T_c from 48 K to complete suppression at x = 0.1, low-temperature resistivity upturns, and degradation of superconducting coherence, J_c, H_{c2}, and vortex activation energy. The authors conclude that Mn functions as an efficient magnetic impurity that strongly perturbs the electronic and magnetic environment of the FeAs layers, with the Pr-based system displaying greater robustness than other rare-earth analogs due to rare-earth-dependent correlations.

Significance. If the central interpretation holds after isolating magnetic effects, the work supplies multi-technique data on impurity scattering in 1111 iron pnictides and draws attention to possible rare-earth dependence of pair-breaking. The internal consistency of trends across structural, spectroscopic, transport, and magnetic probes is a strength, and the explicit comparison to other systems could motivate targeted follow-up studies on electronic correlations.

major comments (2)
  1. [Abstract and main text (transport/magnetization sections)] The inference that Mn acts specifically as an 'efficient magnetic impurity' (abstract and discussion) rests on the untested premise that non-magnetic contributions from lattice expansion and carrier-density shifts are secondary. No control series with non-magnetic isovalent or aliovalent dopants (e.g., Co or Zn) at matched lattice parameters and nominal doping levels is described, nor is a quantitative decomposition (DFT with versus without spin polarization, or rigid-band versus supercell analysis) presented to show that the magnetic channel dominates the observed T_c suppression and resistivity upturns. This assumption is load-bearing for the central claim.
  2. [Abstract and transport measurements] The abstract and transport results report a systematic T_c decrease and resistivity upturns without error bars, quantitative fitting parameters for the upturns, or explicit discussion of possible confounding structural or doping-level effects. This omission leaves the strength of the magnetic-impurity attribution difficult to assess quantitatively.
minor comments (3)
  1. [Title and abstract] The title refers to PrFeAs(O,F) while the abstract and text use the specific composition PrFe_{1-x}Mn_xAsO_{0.7}F_{0.3}; ensure uniform notation and clarify the precise fluorine content throughout.
  2. [DFT calculations] Expand the DFT section with methodological details (functional, k-mesh, supercell size, and whether spin-polarized calculations were performed to evaluate Mn local moments).
  3. [Discussion] The comparative analysis claiming enhanced robustness in the Pr system is mentioned but lacks specific numerical comparisons or citations to prior work on other rare-earth 1111 compounds.

Simulated Author's Rebuttal

2 responses · 0 unresolved

We thank the referee for the careful and constructive review of our manuscript. We address each major comment point by point below, indicating where revisions have been or will be made to strengthen the presentation and interpretation.

read point-by-point responses

  1. Referee: [Abstract and main text (transport/magnetization sections)] The inference that Mn acts specifically as an 'efficient magnetic impurity' (abstract and discussion) rests on the untested premise that non-magnetic contributions from lattice expansion and carrier-density shifts are secondary. No control series with non-magnetic isovalent or aliovalent dopants (e.g., Co or Zn) at matched lattice parameters and nominal doping levels is described, nor is a quantitative decomposition (DFT with versus without spin polarization, or rigid-band versus supercell analysis) presented to show that the magnetic channel dominates the observed T_c suppression and resistivity upturns. This assumption is load-bearing for the central claim.

    Authors: We agree that dedicated control experiments with non-magnetic dopants would provide the most direct test. Our original DFT calculations were performed in the spin-polarized framework to capture Mn local moments; we have now added a direct comparison to non-spin-polarized supercell calculations in the revised supplementary material, which shows that the magnetic channel produces substantially larger perturbations to the Fermi-level density of states and band dispersion than lattice expansion alone. We have also inserted a new paragraph in the discussion that quantifies the expected Tc shift from the observed lattice expansion (using the known pressure coefficient dTc/dP for the parent compound) and compares the observed suppression rate to literature values for Co and Zn substitution in Pr-1111 and related 1111 compounds, where non-magnetic doping produces markedly weaker pair-breaking. The abstract and conclusion have been revised to use more qualified language ('our results indicate that Mn functions as an efficient magnetic impurity'). While we cannot add new experimental control samples at this stage, the added analysis and literature comparison address the load-bearing assumption. revision: partial

  2. Referee: [Abstract and transport measurements] The abstract and transport results report a systematic T_c decrease and resistivity upturns without error bars, quantitative fitting parameters for the upturns, or explicit discussion of possible confounding structural or doping-level effects. This omission leaves the strength of the magnetic-impurity attribution difficult to assess quantitatively.

    Authors: We accept this criticism of the presentation. In the revised manuscript we have added error bars (standard deviation from repeated measurements on multiple samples) to the Tc(x) plot, resistivity curves, and derived quantities such as Hc2 and Jc. We have performed and reported quantitative fits of the low-temperature resistivity upturns to a form that includes a logarithmic term characteristic of magnetic impurity scattering, with the extracted parameters now listed in a new table. A dedicated subsection has been added to the transport discussion that separates structural (XRD lattice parameters) and nominal doping effects from the observed transport anomalies, using the measured normal-state resistivity and literature carrier-density trends to show that these contributions are secondary. These changes make the quantitative support for the magnetic-impurity interpretation explicit. revision: yes

Circularity Check

0 steps flagged

No circularity: experimental observations and DFT results stand independently of any self-referential derivation.

full rationale

The manuscript presents direct measurements (XRD, Raman, resistivity, magnetization, magnetotransport) and supporting DFT calculations on the PrFe1-xMnxAsO0.7F0.3 series. No equations, fitted parameters renamed as predictions, or load-bearing self-citations appear in the derivation of the central claim that Mn perturbs the FeAs layers as a magnetic impurity. The reported trends (Tc drop, resistivity upturns, mode softening) are raw data; the interpretive conclusion follows from those observations without reducing to a tautology or input fit by construction. This is a standard experimental report whose conclusions remain falsifiable by external controls or calculations.

Axiom & Free-Parameter Ledger

0 free parameters · 1 axioms · 0 invented entities

The central claim rests on standard experimental interpretations of transport and magnetization data in the iron-pnictide literature; no new free parameters, ad-hoc axioms, or invented entities are introduced in the abstract.

axioms (1)
  • domain assumption Standard interpretation that resistivity upturns and Tc suppression indicate pair-breaking by magnetic impurities
    Invoked to attribute the observed trends to the magnetic character of Mn rather than structural or carrier-density changes.

pith-pipeline@v0.9.0 · 5535 in / 1326 out tokens · 55221 ms · 2026-05-08T13:26:04.420882+00:00 · methodology

discussion (0)

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Reference graph

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