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Neutrino flavor ratios as diagnostic of solar WIMP annihilation
High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Submitted 8 Aug 2007
abstract compiled · 2026-09-23 · no language-model review
The authors' main claim Our main conclusion is that measuring flavor ratios (in addition to energy spectra) of $\agt$ GeV solar neutrinos can provide discrinination between WIMP models.
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The abstract, sentence by sentence
We consider the neutrino (and antineutrino) flavors arriving at Earth for neutrinos produced in the annihilation of weakly interacting massive particles (WIMPs) in the Sun's core. Solar-matter effects on the flavor propagation of the resulting $\agt$ GeV neutrinos are studied analytically within a density-matrix formalism. Matter effects, including mass-state level-crossings, influence the flavor fluxes considerably. The exposition herein is somewhat pedagogical, in that it starts with adiabatic evolution of single flavors from the Sun's center, with $\theta_{13}$ set to zero, and progresses to fully realistic processing of the flavor ratios expected in WIMP decay, from the Sun's core to the Earth. In the fully realistic calculation, non-adiabatic level-crossing is included, as are possible nonzero values for $\theta_{13}$ and the CP-violating phase $\delta$. Due to resonance enhancement in matter, nonzero values of $\theta_{13}$ even smaller than a degree can noticeably affect flavor propagation. Both normal and inverted neutrino-mass hierarchies are considered. Our main conclusion is that measuring flavor ratios (in addition to energy spectra) of $\agt$ GeV solar neutrinos can provide discrinination between WIMP models. In particular, we demonstrate the flavor differences at Earth for neutrinos from the two main classes of WIMP final states, namely $W^+ W^-$ and 95% $b \bar{b}$ + 5% $\tau^+\tau^-$. Conversely, if WIMP properties were to be learned from production in future accelerators, then the flavor ratios of $\agt$ GeV solar neutrinos might be useful for inferring $\theta_{13}$ and the mass hierarchy.
background contribution method result interpretation main claim
| # | sentence | role | the authors' own work | states the main conclusion | strength |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| s0 | We consider the neutrino (and antineutrino) flavors arriving at Earth for neutrinos produced in the annihilation of weakly interacting massive particles (WIMPs) in the Sun's core. | contribution 0.66 | 0.38 | 0.01 | unclear 0.66 |
| s1 | Solar-matter effects on the flavor propagation of the resulting $\agt$ GeV neutrinos are studied analytically within a density-matrix formalism. | method 0.87 | 0.88 | 0.01 | asserted 0.96 |
| s2 | Matter effects, including mass-state level-crossings, influence the flavor fluxes considerably. | result 0.98 | 0.65 | 0.01 | asserted 0.99 |
| s3 | The exposition herein is somewhat pedagogical, in that it starts with adiabatic evolution of single flavors from the Sun's center, with $\theta_{13}$ set to zero, and progresses to fully realistic processing of the flavor ratios expected in WIMP decay, from the Sun's core to the Earth. | method 0.95 | 0.73 | 0.02 | asserted 0.98 |
| s4 | In the fully realistic calculation, non-adiabatic level-crossing is included, as are possible nonzero values for $\theta_{13}$ and the CP-violating phase $\delta$. | method 0.93 | 0.79 | 0.02 | asserted 0.83 |
| s5 | Due to resonance enhancement in matter, nonzero values of $\theta_{13}$ even smaller than a degree can noticeably affect flavor propagation. | result 0.93 | 0.74 | 0.02 | asserted 0.71 |
| s6 | Both normal and inverted neutrino-mass hierarchies are considered. | method 0.71 | 0.77 | 0.02 | asserted 0.95 |
| s7 | Our main conclusion is that measuring flavor ratios (in addition to energy spectra) of $\agt$ GeV solar neutrinos can provide discrinination between WIMP models. | interpretation 0.74 | 0.79 | 0.99 | hedged possibility 0.70 |
| s8 | In particular, we demonstrate the flavor differences at Earth for neutrinos from the two main classes of WIMP final states, namely $W^+ W^-$ and 95% $b \bar{b}$ + 5% $\tau^+\tau^-$. | result 0.87 | 0.89 | 0.03 | asserted 1.00 |
| s9 | Conversely, if WIMP properties were to be learned from production in future accelerators, then the flavor ratios of $\agt$ GeV solar neutrinos might be useful for inferring $\theta_{13}$ and the mass hierarchy. | interpretation 0.68 | 0.12 | 0.02 | speculative 0.82 |
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The paper
Original abstract
We consider the neutrino (and antineutrino) flavors arriving at Earth for neutrinos produced in the annihilation of weakly interacting massive particles (WIMPs) in the Sun's core. Solar-matter effects on the flavor propagation of the resulting $\agt$ GeV neutrinos are studied analytically within a density-matrix formalism. Matter effects, including mass-state level-crossings, influence the flavor fluxes considerably. The exposition herein is somewhat pedagogical, in that it starts with adiabatic evolution of single flavors from the Sun's center, with $\theta_{13}$ set to zero, and progresses to fully realistic processing of the flavor ratios expected in WIMP decay, from the Sun's core to the Earth. In the fully realistic calculation, non-adiabatic level-crossing is included, as are possible nonzero values for $\theta_{13}$ and the CP-violating phase $\delta$. Due to resonance enhancement in matter, nonzero values of $\theta_{13}$ even smaller than a degree can noticeably affect flavor propagation. Both normal and inverted neutrino-mass hierarchies are considered. Our main conclusion is that measuring flavor ratios (in addition to energy spectra) of $\agt$ GeV solar neutrinos can provide discrinination between WIMP models. In particular, we demonstrate the flavor differences at Earth for neutrinos from the two main classes of WIMP final states, namely $W^+ W^-$ and 95% $b \bar{b}$ + 5% $\tau^+\tau^-$. Conversely, if WIMP properties were to be learned from production in future accelerators, then the flavor ratios of $\agt$ GeV solar neutrinos might be useful for inferring $\theta_{13}$ and the mass hierarchy.
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References
How the literature uses it
21 arXiv papers cite this in 45 sentences
Papers citing it · 29 sentences without a confident label
Contests it 1 paper
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The production flavor ratios $w_α(E)$ in the Sun's core and the terrestrial flavor ratios $W_α(E)$ for neutrinos are then related by [ref] :
Flavor sensitivity to theta_13 and the mass hierarchy for neutrinos from solar WIMP annihilation · Preliminaries and overview · contest 0.82
Uses its data or values 2 papers
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We will use the values found in [ref] assuming $θ_13 = 12^∘$; this differs slightly from the current experimental measurement, but the difference is not significant.
Dark Matter Searches for Monoenergetic Neutrinos Arising from Stopped Meson Decay in the Sun · The Neutrino Flux From Stopped Meson Decay in the Sun · 1.00
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The $r_K(m_X)$ were determined in [ref] , and the $F^e,μ$ can be found in [ref] .
Directional Searches at DUNE for Sub-GeV Monoenergetic Neutrinos Arising from Dark Matter Annihilation in the Sun · The Rate of Signal Events · 1.00
Compares with it 1 paper
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The neutrino flavor ratio results presented in [ref] are in agreement (up to the small effects due to the use of slightly different neutrino oscillation parameters) with our low-energy results, where neutrino interactions do not play a major role.
Neutrinos from WIMP Annihilations Obtained Using a Full Three-Flavor Monte Carlo Approach · Non-zero $θ_13$ and comparison between normal and inverted mass hierarchy · 1.00
Cites it as support 1 paper
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As it was argued in Ref. [ref] a flavor democratic flux of neutrinos in the center of the Sun arrives at the Earth as flavor democratic almost independently of complicated matter effects.
Non-standard interactions and neutrinos from dark matter annihilation in the Sun · Full Monte-Carlo analysis · 0.98
Cites it as background 6 papers
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For a general discussion on the neutrino fluxes [ref] from dark matter annihilation and their flavor ratios [ref] we refer the reader to the associated references.
Enhanced Sensitivity to Dark Matter Self-annihilations in the Sun using Neutrino Spectral Information · Neutrino Propagation Uncertainty · 0.99
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Propagation of high energy neutrinos from dark matter annihilations in the Sun has been studies both analytically [ref] and numerically [ref] .
Non-standard interactions and neutrinos from dark matter annihilation in the Sun · Evolution of monochromatic WIMP neutrinos in the Sun and Earth · 0.98
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[ref] for a detailed discussion.
Neutrino signals from electroweak bremsstrahlung in solar WIMP annihilation · Flavour oscillations · 0.95
What it cites · 22 sentences without a confident label
Uses data or values from 3 papers
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In the figures to follow, in which all $w_α$ are taken from Ref. [ref] , we will display the flavor ratios to be expected at Earth for the two WIMP annihilation classes (I) and (II).
Spectra of neutrinos from dark matter annihilations · WIMP-model predictions for earthly neutrino flavors · 1.00
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The 3-$σ$ experimental limits on the mixing-angle ranges are [ref]
Deviations from Tribimaximal Neutrino Mixing · Review: oscillations without matter · 0.97
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An approximate expression for the solar density profile $n_e(r)$ is given by [ref]
Solar Models: current epoch and time dependences, neutrinos, and helioseismological properties · Introduction · 0.83
Cites as background 5 papers
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The idea of inferring WIMPs by measuring the associated high-energy neutrino flux from the Sun's center has been the focus of numerous theoretical studies [ref] , and first experimental results have placed loose constraints on such scenarios [ref] .
Scrutinizing Supergravity Models through Neutrino Telescopes · Introduction · 0.91
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The idea of inferring WIMPs by measuring the associated high-energy neutrino flux from the Sun's center has been the focus of numerous theoretical studies [ref] , and first experimental results have placed loose constraints on such scenarios [ref] .
Limits on dark matter WIMPs using upward-going muons in the MACRO detector · Introduction · 0.91
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Besides direct detection via WIMP scattering in cryogenic detectors, indirect searches for WIMP annihilation into gamma rays, antimatter, and neutrinos are currently being pursued as promising experimental avenues [ref] .
Particle Dark Matter: Evidence, Candidates and Constraints · Introduction · 0.97
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