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Symmetry of Dirac Equation and Corresponding Phenomenology
High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Submitted 1 Jul 2009
abstract compiled · 2026-09-23 · no language-model review
The authors' main claim In this work, we show that for QED, the symmetry restoration is very small and some discussions on the symmetry breaking are made.
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The abstract, sentence by sentence
It has been suggested that the high symmetries in the Schr\"odinger equation with the Coulomb or harmonic oscillator potentials may remain in the corresponding relativistic Dirac equation. If the principle is correct, in the Dirac equation the potential should have a form as ${(1+\beta)\over 2}V(r)$ where $V(r)$ is ${-e^2\over r}$ for hydrogen atom and $\kappa r^2$ for harmonic oscillator. However, in the case of hydrogen atom, by this combination the spin-orbit coupling term would not exist and it is inconsistent with the observational spectra of hydrogen atom, so that the symmetry of SO(4) must reduce into SU(2). The governing mechanisms QED and QCD which induce potential are vector-like theories, so at the leading order only vector potential exists. However, the higher order effects may cause a scalar fraction. In this work, we show that for QED, the symmetry restoration is very small and some discussions on the symmetry breaking are made. At the end, we briefly discuss the QCD case and indicate that the situation for QCD is much more complicated and interesting.
background contribution method result interpretation main claim
| # | sentence | role | the authors' own work | states the main conclusion | strength |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| s0 | It has been suggested that the high symmetries in the Schr\"odinger equation with the Coulomb or harmonic oscillator potentials may remain in the corresponding relativistic Dirac equation. | background 1.00 | 0.03 | 0.04 | hedged possibility 0.99 |
| s1 | If the principle is correct, in the Dirac equation the potential should have a form as ${(1+\beta)\over 2}V(r)$ where $V(r)$ is ${-e^2\over r}$ for hydrogen atom and $\kappa r^2$ for harmonic oscillator. | background 0.87 | 0.09 | 0.06 | hedged possibility 0.61 |
| s2 | However, in the case of hydrogen atom, by this combination the spin-orbit coupling term would not exist and it is inconsistent with the observational spectra of hydrogen atom, so that the symmetry of SO(4) must reduce into SU(2). | background 0.36 | 0.24 | 0.19 | asserted 0.99 |
| s3 | The governing mechanisms QED and QCD which induce potential are vector-like theories, so at the leading order only vector potential exists. | background 0.99 | 0.08 | 0.04 | asserted 1.00 |
| s4 | However, the higher order effects may cause a scalar fraction. | background 0.85 | 0.08 | 0.04 | hedged possibility 0.99 |
| s5 | In this work, we show that for QED, the symmetry restoration is very small and some discussions on the symmetry breaking are made. | result 0.78 | 0.92 | 0.77 | asserted 1.00 |
| s6 | At the end, we briefly discuss the QCD case and indicate that the situation for QCD is much more complicated and interesting. | future work 0.70 | 0.62 | 0.06 | hedged possibility 0.54 |
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Original abstract
It has been suggested that the high symmetries in the Schr\"odinger equation with the Coulomb or harmonic oscillator potentials may remain in the corresponding relativistic Dirac equation. If the principle is correct, in the Dirac equation the potential should have a form as ${(1+\beta)\over 2}V(r)$ where $V(r)$ is ${-e^2\over r}$ for hydrogen atom and $\kappa r^2$ for harmonic oscillator. However, in the case of hydrogen atom, by this combination the spin-orbit coupling term would not exist and it is inconsistent with the observational spectra of hydrogen atom, so that the symmetry of SO(4) must reduce into SU(2). The governing mechanisms QED and QCD which induce potential are vector-like theories, so at the leading order only vector potential exists. However, the higher order effects may cause a scalar fraction. In this work, we show that for QED, the symmetry restoration is very small and some discussions on the symmetry breaking are made. At the end, we briefly discuss the QCD case and indicate that the situation for QCD is much more complicated and interesting.
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